Transmission electron microscopic picture

Figure 8.4. Transmission electron microscope picture of carbon formation and filament growth on a Si02-supported Ni catalyst after exposure to a CH4 + H2 gas mixture at 1 bar...

Figure 6 Transmission electron microscopic picture of nanoparticles containing PLGA-doxoru-bicin conjugates. Scale bar is 2 p.m in (A) and 200 nm in (B) (adapted with permission from the publisher [24]). 

Fig. 13. On the left, representation of the ferritin molecule the subunits form a spherical shell containing a ferrihydrite crystal. On the right, a Transmission Electron Microscope picture showing the iron core contained inside the proteic shell, appearing as electron-dense dark spots.

Transmission electronic microscope picture of a porous nanocrystalline 2... 

Fig. 3.4 Transmission electron microscopic pictures (upper parts) and scanning electron microscopic pictures (lower parts) of iron oxide red of different particle size (bar= 0.5 pm). Bayferrox 1 lOM shows a yellow tinge, while Bayferrox 1 SOM shows a Bordeaux tinge.

Figure 16.9 (A) Scanning electronic microscope picture of CNTs as obtained from PP (B) Transmission electronic microscope picture of CNTs as obtained from PE...

The exhaust gas of diesel engines has a complex composition as gaseous components are present together with liquid and even with solid components (Table 23). The solid exhaust gas components are denoted particulate matter, and defined as any matter that can be collected on a teflon-coated filter paper from diluted exhaust gas at a temperature below 325 K. Scanning and transmission electron microscopic pictures of such particulates are shown in Fig. 95. 

Figure 95. Scanning electron microscopic (top, magnification 20 000 x) and transmission electron microscopic picture (bottom, magnification lOOOOOx) of particulates emitted by diesel engines.

Fig. 3 Transmission electron microscope picture of a mesoscopic Ti02 (anatase) film. Note the bipyramidal shape of the particles having (101) oriented facets exposed. The average particle size is 20 nm...

Fig. 11.17. Elongated dislocation loops in a nickel-base superaUoy (transmission electron microscopic picture) [127]...

Based on such results of microporosity. X-ray diffraction and small angle scattering evaluation as well as on density measurements, and finally stimulated by ROLAND s carbon fibre model (26) a 2-dimensional model for glasslike carbon was derived by us as shown in fig. 8, left hand side (18). Simultaneously, by other research groups, the first transmission electron microscopic pictures of glass like carbons (19) confirmed this assumed structure (fig.8, right hand side). 

As mentioned above, employment of MWCNT for field emitter will be one of the most important applications of MWCNT. For this purpose, MWCNT is prepared by the chemical purification process [30,38], in which graphite debris and nanoparticles are removed by oxidation with the aid of CuCl2 intercalation [38]. Purified MWCNT is obtained in the form of black and thin "mat" (a flake with thickness of ca. a few hundreds of [im). Figure 7 shows a typical transmission electron microscope (TEM) picture of MWCNT with an open end, which reveals that a cap is etched off and the central cavity is exposed. 

FIGURE 3.12 Morphology of mbber-silica hybrid composites synthesized from solution process using different solvents (a) and (b) are the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) pictures of acrylic rubber (ACM)-silica hybrid composites prepared from THF (T) and ethyl acetate (EAc) (E) and (c) and (d) are the transmission electron microscopic (TEM) pictures of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)-siUca hybrid composites synthesized from THF and chloroform (CH). (From Bandyopadhyay, A., De Sarkar, M., and Bhowmick, A.K., J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 95, 1418, 2005 and Bandyopadhyay, A., De Sarkar, M., and Bhowmick, A.K., J. Mater. Sci., 40, 53, 2005. Courtesy of Wiley InterScience and Springer, respectively.)... 

FIGURE 3.16 Morphology and visual appearance of acrylic rubber (ACM)-silica and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)-silica hybrid composites prepared from different pH ranges (a) transmission electron microscopic (TEM) picture of ACM-siUca in pH 1.0-2.0, (b) scanning electron microscopic (SEM) picture of ACM-siUca in pH 5.0-6.0, (c) SEM image of ACM-siUca in pH 9.0-10.0, (d) TEM picture of ENR-silica in pH... 

Transmission electron microscopy pictures were taken using a JE0L 100 CX microscope. For some samples lateral micro-analysis of thin sections of zeolite was carried out using a HB-5 VG microscope equipped with EDX accessory at IFP (11). 

TEM images were obtained on a HITACHI H-800 transmission electron microscope operated at 200 kV. SEM pictures were obtained on a JEOL JSM 6300 scanning electron microscope operated at 30 kV. 

Fig. la-d Particles collected in and outside residential houses in Brisbane and examined with an energy-dispersive X-ray analyser attached to a transmission electron microscope, a There are three big particles two lighter particles, with dominant elements S, Ca, O and Mg, and one darker particle, with dominant elements Ca, S, Na, O and Mg. b There are two big particles, with dominant elements C, Cl, Na, Mg, K and O. The particles are probably fine pieces of insect body or plant material, c There are two types of particles, a square particle (NaCl crystal) and many big fibrous particles,with dominant elements Ca, S,Na, O and Mg. d There are many particles jointed together in this picture, with dominant elements Fe, Ph and Si. The particles are probably from vehicle emissions... 

Microscopic techniques. Morphological examination of EL coli and N. mediterranei contained in the reactor was done in a Jeol transmission electron microscope (model 100CX). The sample was prepared according to the method by Robertson and Kim (9). For the picture of A. niger reactor the fiber was cut into 1 mm pieces, which were photographed with a light microscope. 

Fig. 11.3 depicts schematically a sampling system fitted to a flame reactor with which newly created particles can be captured on a transmission electron microscope (TEM) grid, enabling direct measurement of sizes and morphology. Comparison of average aggregate shapes obtained from simulation with actual TEM pictures confirms that modeling is successful [11.Ij. 

Reversed micelles have very highly dynamic structures and are in rapid equilibrium with surfactant monomers. Therefore, it is usually difficult to observe their real features by microscopy. A freeze-fracture transmission electron microscope (TEM) would probably show the real picture of a reversed micellar solution because a freeze-fracture film of the reversed micelles is made by rapid cooling to — 150°C to stop instantly the dynamic nature of the structure. Figure 2(a) shows an electron micrograph of the AOT reversed micellar solution (5% w/v AOT-iso-octane solution, IV = 1) [44]. The visual observation by a... 

The picture in Figure 2.4 was obtained in the transmission electron microscope, in which an electron beam penetrates a very thin object Preparation for TEM is made with electrochemical or ion physical methods to get samples thin enough. The elec-... 

Fig. 14.135. Untypical curved domain shape in SmCo, caused by a dislocation (next to star on photograph). The fork shaped structure represents a domain with magnetization direction opposite to that on the rest of the picture. Transmission electron microscope, 200kV, specimen thickness = 2000 A (Fidler, 1976).

Compared to conventional electron or light microscopes, scanning electron microscope pictures exhibit remarkable three-dimensional effects due to the extraordinary depth of field made possible by the wavelength and apertures involved (Figure 11). Depth of field is 1 cm at 100 X and 1 /rm at 10,000 x. The scanning microscope is superior to the transmission microscope because it records secondary electrons from the surface rather than primary transmitted electrons. Thin samples are therefore unnecessary and the depth of focus gives the topography directly. 

The picture of cement microstructure that now emerges is of particles of partially degraded glass embedded in a matrix of calcium and aluminium polyalkenoates and sheathed in a layer of siliceous gel probably formed just outside the particle boundary. This structure (shown in Figure 5.17) was first proposed by Wilson Prosser (1982, 1984) and has since been confirmed by recent electron microscopic studies by Swift Dogan (1990) and Hatton Brook (1992). The latter used transmission electron microscopy with high resolution to confirm this model without ambiguity. 

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