Micrograph, transmission electron

Fig, XIV-12. Freeze-fracture transmission electron micrographs of a bicontinuous microemulsion consisting of 37.2% n-octane, 55.8% water, and the surfactant pentaethy-lene glycol dodecyl ether. In both cases 1 cm 2000 A (for purposes of microscopy, a system producing relatively coarse structures has been chosen), [(a) Courtesy of P. K. Vinson, W. G. Miller, L. E. Scriven, and H. T. Davis—see Ref. 110 (b) courtesy of R. Strey—see Ref. 111.]... 

Figure C2.17.1. Transmission electron micrograph of a Ti02 (anatase) nanocrystal. The mottled and unstmctured background is an amorjihous carbon support film. The nanocrystal is centred in die middle of die image. This microscopy allows for die direct imaging of die crystal stmcture, as well as the overall nanocrystal shape. This titania nanocrystal was syndiesized using die nonhydrolytic niediod outlined in [79].

Figure C2.17.2. Transmission electron micrograph of a gold nanoneedle. Inverse micelle environments allow for a great deal of control not only over particle size, but also particle shape. In this example, gold nanocrystals were prepared using a photolytic method in surfactant-rich solutions the surfactant interacts strongly with areas of low curvature, thus continued growth can occur only at the sharjD tips of nanocrystals, leading to the fonnation of high-aspect-ratio nanostmctures [52].

Figure C2.17.4. Transmission electron micrograph of a field of Zr02 (tetragonal) nanocrystals. Lower-resolution electron microscopy is useful for characterizing tire size distribution of a collection of nanocrystals. This image is an example of a typical particle field used for sizing puriDoses. Here, tire nanocrystalline zirconia has an average diameter of 3.6 nm witli a polydispersity of only 5% 1801.

Figure C2.17.5. Transmission electron micrograph of a field of anisotropic gold nanocrystals. In tliis example, a lower magnification image of gold nanocrystals reveals tlieir anisotropic shapes and faceted surfaces [36],...

Figure C2.17.6. Transmission electron micrograph and its Fourier transfonn for a TiC nanocrystal. High-resolution images of nanocrystals can be used to identify crystal stmctures. In tliis case, tire image of a nanocrystal of titanium carbide (right) was Fourier transfonned to produce tire pattern on tire left. From an analysis of tire spot geometry and spacing, one can detennine that tire nanocrystal is oriented witli its 11001 zone axis parallel to tire viewing direction [217].

Figures 4.1 la and b, respectively, are examples of dark-field and direct transmission electron micrographs of polyethylene crystals. The ability of dark-field imaging to distinguish between features of the object which differ in orientation is apparent in Fig. 4.11a. The effect of shadowing is evident in Fig. 4.11b, where those edges of the crystal which cast the shadows display sharper contrast.

Fig. 1. Transmission electron micrograph of ABS produced by an emulsion process. Staining of the mbber bonds with osmium tetroxide provides contrast...

Fig. 2. Transmission electron micrograph of ABS produced by a mass process. The mbber domains are typically larger in size and contain higher...

Fig. 21. Transmission electron micrograph (tern) made from a cross-section of a metal-evaporated tape medium with the typical banana-like shape of...

Fig. 10. A dark field (DF) transmission electron micrograph showing interface in a continuous fiber (F) a-Al202 (F)/Mg alloy (ZE41A) matrix (M) within...

Fig. 13. Transmission electron micrograph (tern) showing dislocations in aluminum in the region near a siUcon carbide particle, SiC. ...

Fig. 6. Transmission electron micrograph of a commercial pyrogenic siUca, Wacker HDK. Magnification of 225, OOOx. ...

Fig. 1. Transmission electron micrograph of a section of a mature, hydrated soybean cotyledon. Protein bodies (PB), lipid bodies (LB), and cell wall (CW)...

Transmission electron micrographs show hectorite and nontronite as elongated, lath-shaped units, whereas the other smectite clays appear more nearly equidimensional. A broken surface of smectite clays typically shows a "com flakes" or "oak leaf surface texture (54). High temperature minerals formed upon heating smectites vary considerably with the compositions of the clays. Spinels commonly appear at 800—1000°C, and dissolve at higher temperatures. Quartz, especially cristobalite, appears and mullite forms if the content of aluminum is adequate (38). 

Figure 6.3. (a) Portrait of Peter Hirseh (eourtesy. Sir Peter Hirsch). (b) Transmission electron micrograph of dislocations in a sub-boundary in a (Ni, Fe)Al intermctallic compound (Kong and Munroc 1994) (courtesy editor of Intcnnetallics). 

Figure 1 The transmission electron micrographs of the crosslinked products of MCI cast from benzene, (a) at a 0.05 wt% polymer concentration and shadowed with Cr at an angle of 20°, and (b) at a 0.05 wt% concentration [24].

Figure 2 The transmission electron micrographs of samples cast from solution containing 1 wt% of polymer, (a) the block copolymer BCl, and (b) the microsphere, MCI [24].

Figure 5 The transmission electron micrographs of cross-section of MCI (a) without any tilt, (b) tilted at an angle of 45 degrees of the y-axis, and (c) schematic representation of the arranged microspheres after tilting [24].

Figure 7 The transmission electron micrograph of the block copolymer B1 for blend [36].

Figure 12 The transmission electron micrographs of the blend of MCI with (a) B2, and (b) B3 [37].

Fig.6 AJIoy AlZn78 quenched from 643K to room temperature water, (a) Transmission electron micrograph, (b) Corresponding Selected Area Diffraction Pattern (SADP).

Dislocations are readily visible in thin-film transmission electron micrographs, as shown in Figs. 20.28 (top) and 20.33 (top). The slip step (Fig. 20.31c) produced by the passage of a single dislocation is not readily apparent. However, for a variety of reasons, a large number of dislocations often move on the same slip plane or on bands of closely adjacent slip planes this results in slip steps which are very easily seen in the light microscope, as shown by the slip lines in Fig. 20.33 (bottom). 

Figure 16-17. Left transmission electron micrograph of small single crystals of Ooct-OPV5 scale bar 5 pnt. The arrows indicate the 6-axis direction. Right electron diffraction pattern of the same single crystals. The arrow indicates the 613 relteclion spot (crysial dimensions 5x40 pm2 Philips STiiM CM 12 operated at 120 kV. lnslilul Charles Sudron, Strasbourg).

The microphase structure was clearly observed in transmission electron micrographs of the film of amphiphilic copolymers cast from aqueous solutions [29, 31]. An important finding was that no microphase structure was observed for the film cast from organic solutions. This difference indicates that a microphase structure is formed in aqueous solution, but not in organic solution. Different hydrophobic groups showed considerably different morphological features i.e. whether microphase separation leads to a secondary or higher structure depends on the type of hydrophobic units in the copolymers [31],... 

FIGURE 38.10 Transmission electron micrograph of styrene-co-acrylonitrile/acrylonitrile butadiene mbber/ waste NBR (SAN/NBR/w-NBRybased thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). (Reprinted from Anandhan, S., De, P.P., Bhowmick, A.K., Bandy opadhyay, S., and De, S.K., J. Appl Polym. Sci., 90, 2348, 2003. With permission from Wiley InterScience.)... 

Fig. 19.3 Transmission electron micrograph ofTiN nanoparticles (sample 7).

Figure 4. Transmission electron micrograph showing tuber tissue labelled with protein A-gold. Localization of PL3 enzyme is indicated by arrow-heads. S= Starch grain CW= Cell wall Bar= SOOnm. x 20 000.

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