Transient receptor potential cation

NiUus, B., Owsianik, G., Voets, T, Peters, J. A. Transient receptor potential cation channels in disease. Physiol. Rev. 2007, 87, 165-217. 

Nichol GM, Alton EW, Nix A, Geddes DM, Chung KF, Barnes PJ (1990) Effect of inhaled furosemide on metabisulfite- and methachoUne-induced bronchoconstriction and nasal potential difference in asthmatic subjects. Am Rev Respir Dis 142 576-580 Nilius B, Owsiamk G, Voets T, Peters JA (2007) Transient receptor potential cation channels in disease. Physiol Rev 87 165-217... 

TRPM8 Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8... 

Mediator-induced inflammatory processes can lead to increased vascular permeability, neurogenic inflammation of airways and blood vessels, chemotaxis, and bronchospasm (Smith and Topford, 1999). Furthermore, capsaicin activates the vanilloid receptor family TRPVl (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V) within sensory neurons. Activation of these receptors leads to prolonged refractory periods and to a nonconducting desensitization. One study suggests that TRPV pathways may not be enhrely responsible for all of the adverse reactions caused by capsaicin (Holzer, 1991). 

The ORs and GRs are not the only potential transductory sites for repellent action. For example, high concentrations of citronellal, a plant-derived monoterpenoid, activate ORNs in Drosophila and elicit avoidance behavior in both flies and mosquitoes. In this case, the mechanism of action of citronellal involves two distinct pathways transient receptor potential A1 (TRPAl) channels and Oreo (Figure 2.2). The multimodal TRPAl channels exhibit chanosensitive properties similar to the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V manber 1, which is activated by heat, low pH, exogenous chemicals, and neurotransmitters. ... 

A superfamily of cation channels conserved in mammals, flies, worms and yeast. The various TRP-proteins bear-sequence and predicted structural similarities to the founding member of this superfamily, transient receptor-potential (TRP), a light activated cation channel in the Dmsophila photoreceptor. 

Hofmann T., Schaefer M., Schultz G. and Gudermann T. (2000a). Transient receptor potential channels as molecular substrates of receptor-mediated cation entry. J Mol Med 78, 14-25. 

The molecules that transduce noxious heat or cold are members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) receptor family. TRP proteins (Table 57-2) form tetra-meric nonselective cation channels within the plasma membrane, allowing sodium and calcium ion influx [4]. The TRPV3 channel is activated at temperatures between 31 and39°C, TRPV1 at43°C, and TRPV2 at 52-55°C. The heat pain threshold in humans is 43°C, suggesting that... 

Helliwell RM, Large WA 1997 Alphal-adrenoceptor activation of a non-selective cation current in rabbit portal vein by 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol. J Physiol 499 417-428 Hofmann F, Lacinova L, Klugbauer N 1999 Voltage-dependent calcium channels from structure to function. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 139 33—87 Hofmann T, Schaefer M, Schultz G, Gundermann T 2000 Transient receptor potential channels as molecular substrates of receptor-mediated cation entry. J Mol Med 78 14—25 Inoue R, Okada T, Onoue H et al 2001 The transient receptor potential protein homologue TRP6 is the essential component of vascular aj-adrenoceptor-activated Ca2+-permeable cation channel. Circ Res 88 325—332... 

Okada T, Inoue R, Yamazaki K et al 1999 Molecular and functional characterization of a novel mouse transient receptor potential protein homologue TRP7. Ca2+-permeable cation channel that is constitutively activated and enhanced by stimulation of G protein-coupled receptor. J Biol Chem 274 27359-27370... 

Brereton, H.M., Chen, J., Rychkov, G., Elarland, M.L., and Barritt, G.J. 2001). Maitotoxin activates an endogenous nonselective cation channel and is an effective initiator of the activation of the heterologously expressed hTRPC-1 (transient receptor potential) non-selective cation channel in H4-IIE liver cells. Biochem BiophysActa 1540, 107-126. 

A similar expression cloning strategy was used to identify a receptor involved in transduction of cold sensation. In this case, the natural product used to induce calcium influx was menthol (Fig. 2.1-3(a)), which was known to produce a sensation of cold and even suggested to interact directly with a cold detection pathway [31]. Transient receptor potential (TRPM8), a cation channel from the same family as VR1, was cloned and shown to be activated by both menthol and cold [32, 33]. Thus, small molecules were used to link our perceptions of both heat and cold to specific receptors in sensory neurons involved in thermosensation. Identification of these receptors has opened the door to an understanding of thermosensation at a molecular level [34],... 

Some of the most commonly and frequently used spices throughout the world are hot peppers of the Capsicum family, of which capsaicin 23 is the major pungent ingredient. Because of its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, topical application of capsaicin has been used for the treatment of a variety of neuropathic pain conditions. Autoradiographic visualization of a tritiated resiniferatoxin probe in tissues of various species identified the vanilloid receptor (VR) as a molecular target [73, 74]. Additionally, capsaicin was used as a molecular probe to isolate the first nociceptive receptor, VR1 [75], Characterization of VR1 revealed it to be a member of the Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) ion channel family and a nonselective cation channel activated by capsaicin or elevated temperatures. 

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