Transforming growth factor-p

Hyperphosphorylation of ERAK-1 by itself and ERAK-4 causes ERAK-1 to dissociate from the membrane-bound complex. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor-6 ( TRAF-6), a cytoplasmic protein, is activated by ERAK-1 and with TAB-2, another cytoplasmic protein, activates transforming growth factor-P (TFG-P)-activating kinase (TAK-1). During this process both TRAF-6 and TAK-1 become ubiquitinated. TAK-1 then promotes activation of the IkB kinases, or the IKK family, EKKa and EKK 3 (found in a complex with NFicB-essential modulator [NEMO]), which phosphorylate the IkB family, notably IkB-u. IkB-u is an inhibitor of NFkB as it sequesters NFkB in an... 

Westendorf A, Buer J, Martin B, Wilhelm C, Stock-inger B Transforming growth factor-p reprograms the differentiation of T-helper-2 cells and promotes an interleukin-9-producing subset Nat Immunol 2008 9 1341-1346. 

Inhibition of human allergic T-helper type 2 immune responses by induced regulatory T cells requires the combination of interleukin- 10-treated dendritic cells and transforming growth factor-p for their induction. Clin Exp Allergy 2006 36 1546-1555. 

FIGURE 96-4. Pathophysiology of the hypercalcemia of malignancy. PTHrP, parathyroid hormone-related protein TGF-P, transforming growth factor P TNF-a, tumor necrosis factor alpha Ca2+, calcium IL-1, interleukin 1 IL-2, interleukin 2. 

Law, B.K. et al. (2002) Rapamycin potentiates transforming growth factor P-induced growth arrest in nontransformed, oncogene-transformed, and human cancer cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 8184-8198. 

Szczepanik M, Bryniarski K, Tutaj M, Ptak M, Skrzeczynska J, Askenase PW, Ptak W Epicutaneous immunization induces T-cell receptor CD4 CDS double-positive non-specific suppressor T cells that inhibit contact sensitivity via transforming growth factor-p. Immunology 2005 115 42-54. 

Bertone S, Schiavetti F, Bellomo R, Vitale C, Ponte M, Moretta L, Mingari MC Transforming growth factor-p-induced expression of CD94/NKG2A inhibitory receptors in human T lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol 1999 29 23. 

Vignola AM, Chanez P, Chiappara G, Merendino A, Pace E, Rizzo A, et al Transforming growth factor-p expression in mucosal biopsies in asthma and chronic bronchitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997 156 591-599. 

Haneda K, Sano K, Tamura G, Shirota H, Ohkawara Y, Sato T, et al Transforming growth factor-p secreted from CD4+ T cells ameliorates anti-gen-induced eosinophilic inflammation. A novel high-dose tolerance in the trachea. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1999 21 268-274. 

Tominaga A, Yamaguchi N, Takatsu K Transforming growth factor-p induces IgA production and acts additively with interleukin-5 for IgA production. 

Bocharov EV, Pavlov KV, Blommers MJJ, Arvinte T, Arseniev AS (2008) Modulation of the Bioactive Conformation of Transforming Growth Factor P Possible Implications of Cation Binding for Biological Fimction. 273 155-181 Boiteau L, see Pascal R (2005) 259 69-122 Bolhuis PG, see Dellago C (2007) 268 291-317... 

Modulation of the Bioactive Conformation of Transforming Growth Factor P Possible Implications of Cation Binding for Biological Function... 

Kim H, Xu J, Su Y et al. Actions of the soy phytoestrogen genistein in models of human chronic disease potential involvement of transforming growth factor p. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 29, 216-222, 2001. 

Sanders TAB, Dean TS, Grainger D, Miller GJ, Wiseman H. Moderate intakes of soy isoflavones increase HDL but do not influence transforming growth factor p concentrations and haemostatic risk factors for coronary heart disease in healthy subjects. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 76, 373-377, 2002. 

Transforming growth factor-P, TGF-P1,-P2, -P3 Homodimer of 25 kD TGFP receptor I und II, contains Ser/Thr specific protein kinase activity... 

Fig. 13.10. Regulation and attack points of inhibitors of cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CKIs) in mammals. The various CKIs are activated and regulated by different signals. Inhibitory activity of the CKIs is specific for the different CDKs and CDK-cyclin combinations. p53 tumor suppressor protein p53 TGPP transforming growth factor P pRb tumor suppressor protein pRb p21 p2icipi. p27- pl6 pl6 ° CDK cyclin-dependent protein kinase Cyc cyclin E2F trans-...

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