Toxicity: cytotoxicity

In cytotoxicity assays the concentration of the cytotoxic compound reaching the cytosol is estimated via its apparent toxicity. Cytotoxicity is expressed as the concentration that inhibits the growth of the MDR-expressing cells by 50% or 20% (known as IC50 or IC2o values, respectively), and indicates whether the secondary, co-administered compound is a substrate or a modulator of P-gp. The activity of the reversal agent is generally expressed as a fold reversion called the MDR ratio [36] ... 

Regarding posihve hndings, responses may be generated only at highly toxic/cytotoxic concentrations, and the presence or absence of a dose-response relahonship should be considered. 

Phenanthroindolizidine and phenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids involve a phenanthrene (Phe ] Phe Phe (angular)) fused with an indolizidine or quinolizidine, respectively. The phenanthroindolizidines tylophorine (phenanthrene G5N G4N ) and tylocrebrine (phenanthrene G5N C4N ) and the phenanthroquinolizidine crypto-pleurine (phenanthrene G5N C5N ) are toxic, cytotoxic protein synthesis inhibitors. The phenanthroindolizidines tylophorine and pergularinine are thymidylate synthase inhibitors. 

Keywords silyl and germyl trifluoroacetylfiirans, silyl and germyl trifluoroacetyl-furoximes, toxicity, cytotoxicity, neurotropic activity... 

Table 5 In vitro methods for testing eye toxicity Cytotoxicity...

Structure and chemical properties of hydroxyanthracenones were determined along with their biological activity, focusing on animal toxicity, cytotoxicity and their potential effects on celular function. One of these compounds, T 514 (peroxisomicine Al) has demonstrated a selective in vitro cytotoxicity and therefore a patent for its use as an antineoplasic agent was requested and obtained. 

Safety/Toxicity Acute toxicity,2o carcinogenicity, cutaneous toxicity, cytotoxicity, genotoxic-ity,24 mutagenicity, neurotoxicity ... 

Safety/Toxicity Cytotoxicity,20 marine toxicity,2i mutagenicity,22.23 genotoxicity ... 

Safety/Toxicity Chemistry-toxicity relationship, ecotoxicity, toxicity, cytotoxicity, ... 

Safety/Toxicity Acute and chronic toxicity, cytotoxicity, estrogenicity, eye irritation tests, toxicity to insects, mutagenicity, oral toxicity, phototoxicity, teratogenicity, topical toxicity ... 

Safety/Toxicity Cytotoxicity,chemical toxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity ... 

Safety/Toxicity Cytotoxicity, carcinogenicity,22 chronic toxicity,25 environmental toxicity,2 genotoxicity,25 hazardous substance,2 hematological effects,22 immunotoxicity,2 marine toxicity, 2 mutagenicity,5o neurotoxicity, phytotoxicity, soil toxicity, testicular effects ... 

Safety/Toxicity Acute oral toxicity, cytotoxicity, mutagenicity ... 

Physical/Chemical Toxicity Cytotoxicity Acute Oral Toxicity Acute Systemic Toxicity Intracutaneous Toxicity Intramuscular Implant Blood Compatibility Mucous Membrane Irritation Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity... 

Share biological activities like damaging of membranes causing haemolytic properties, fish toxicity, cytotoxicity, antifungal activity... 

Safety/Toxicity Cytotoxicity neurotoxicity renal toxicity... 

Biological Applications Drug delivery fluorescent viability assay monitoring bacterial transport Industrial Applications Not reported Safety/Toxicity Cytotoxicity ... 

Industrial Applications Not reported Safety/Toxicity Cytotoxicity neurotoxicity ... 

Safety/Toxicity Cytotoxicity gastric toxicity neurotoxicity retinal toxicity ... 

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