Toxicity neurotoxicity

Keywords Carcinogencity Developmental toxicity Neurotoxicity Pyrethroid... 

Golgi a-l)-mannosidase II lysosomal mannosidase glycoprotein A-linked oligosaccharide processing [toxic, neurotoxic effects mimic hereditary lysosomal storage disease mannosidosis] (3-D-Glucuronidase cx-1-iduronidase Glucosidase... 

Extremely toxic even in very small concentrations Abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting Carcinogenicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity... 

Carcinogenicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity Mutagenicity Cancer... 

Biomarkers of effect would be useful for identifying 1,1-dichloroethane-specific injury (e.g., hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, neurotoxicity) for short-intermediate-and long-term exposure. 

Results from these studies or other available information may trigger the need for longer term (1-year or 2-year) or specialized (e.g. reproductive/developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, etc.) tests... 

Clinically, a problem that sometimes (Kcurs with the use of streptomycin is the early development of resistant. strains of bacteria, necessitating a change in therapy. Other factors that limit the therapeutic use of streptomycin arc chronic toxicities. Neurotoxic reactions have been observed after the use of streptomycin. These are characterized by vertigo, disturbance of equilibrium, and diminished auditory perception. Additionally, nephrotoxicity (K curs with some frequency. 

Due to a lack of sufficient scientific evidence regarding safety, further tests are needed to evaluate geno-toxicity, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, chronic and carcinogenicity. 

CAUTION Acrylamide is extremely TOXIC (neurotoxic), and precautions must be taken to avoid skin contact or inhalation. Use gloves and handle in a well-ventilated fume cupboard. 

Bis-acrylamide (A,A -methylene bisacrylamide) [110-26-9] M 154.2, m >300. Recrystallise the amide from MeOH (lOOg dissolved in 500mL boiling MeOH) and filter without suction in a warmed funnel. Allow to stand at room temperature and then at -15°C overnight. The crystals are collected with suction in a cooled funnel and washed with cold MeOH. The crystals are air-dried in a warm oven. [Beilstein 2 IV 1472.] VERY TOXIC (neurotoxic). 

The health-effects data on JP-8 and related fuels were reviewed for the following end points respiratory tract toxicity, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, liver toxicity, kidney toxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity. JP-8 was found to be potentially toxic to the immune system, respiratory tract, and nervous system at exposure concentrations near the interim PEL of350 mg/m3. Those toxicides are summarized below. 

Animal studies can include the following routes of administration inhalation, dermal, oral gavage, feeding, and intraperitoneal, intravenous, and subcutaneous. Studies can include looking at developmental and reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, histopathol-ogy, and carcinogenic end points. 

Hexachlorobenzene Lead Mercury Probable carcinogen Blood system toxic, neurotoxicity Neurotoxic... 

Lead Blood system toxic, neurotoxicity Auto exhaust, fuel additive 7-30 days removed by deposition 270-820 ng m - —... 

Penicillins (In general) Inhibits crosslinking of cell wall components. See Table 7.2. Hypersensitivity reactions. Rare nerve, liver or kidney toxicity. Neurotoxicity is due to inhibition of GABA neurotransmission. 

For this evaluation, the Committee considered new toxicological studies that had become available since the last evaluation these included further studies on developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and geno-toxicity and studies on the mode of action of ochratoxin A in the kidney. The Committee also considered the opinion on ochratoxin A in human food published by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in 2006 (European Food Safety Authority, 2006). New data on analytical methods, sampling protocols and the effects of processing were also considered, together with methods of prevention and control and levels and patterns of food contamination. A new dietary exposure assessment was conducted, and the impact of different MLs for cereals was considered. 

None of the new studies on nephrotoxicity, developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity or immunotoxicity that have appeared since the Committee s last evaluation would have an impact on the Committee s previous selection of minimal renal changes in the pig, observed at a dose of 8 pg/kg bw per day (the LOEL), as a critical effect for risk assessment. 

Villa V, Tonelli M, Thellung S, Corsaro A, Tasso B, Novell F, et al. Efficacy of novel acridine derivatives in the inhibition of hPrP90-231 prion protein fragment toxicity. Neurotox Res 2011 19(4) 556-74. 

---