Tokenism

Many of the species involved in the endogenous metabolism can undergo a multitude of transformations, have many reaction channels open, and by the same token, can be produced in many reactions. In other words, biochemical pathways represent a multi-dimensional space that has to be explored with novel techniques to appreciate and elucidate the full scope of this dynamic reaction system. 

The reaction is driven to completion by distilling the lower boiling alcohol. Metal methoxides are frequentiy insoluble and caimot be employed as starting materials in this reaction by the same token, they can be convenientiy prepared from solutions of higher alkoxides by precipitation with methanol. Alcoholysis also gives mixed metal alkoxides ... 

Note Zero of entholpy ond of entropy token ot boiling point of liquid nitrogen, P=lotm.j T=7735°K. (-I95.8 C.)... 

The invertebrate phyla are often neglected in ecotoxicological testing protocols. A token invertebrate species such as the copepod Daphnia may be used to evaluate the effects on extremely diverse phyla. This neglects the diversity of biochemical and physiological functions that may render different phyla vulnerable to different classes of compound at different stages of their life cycles. 

Fig. 1.2. A close-up of the mechanical lubricator on the traction engine. Unless the bore of the steam cylinder is kept oiled it will become worn and scored. The lubricator pumps small metered quantities of steam oil into the cylinder to stop this happening. The drive is token from the piston rod by the ratchet and pawl arrangement.

Fig. 5.2. Changes that take place when an automobile moves in a thermally insulated environment at constant temperature Tq and pressure pt). The environment is token to be large enough that the change in system volume V2 - V, does not increase p, and the flow of heat Q across the system boundary does not affect Tq.

Fig. 24.5. Compression moulding the thermoset is squeezed to shape and cured (by heating) at the some time. Once it has cured it con be token from the mould while still hot - so the process is faster than the moulding of thermoplastics.

The work of the present section shows that shock-compression experiments provide an effective method for determination of higher-order elastic properties and that, by the same token, the effects of nonlinear elastic response should generally be taken into account in investigations of shock compression (see, e.g., Asay et al. [72A02]). Fourth-order contributions are readily apparent, but few coefficients have been accurately measured. 

By the same token, in base-promoted E2 dehydrohalogenations, the rate of elimination of the halogen as a halide ion is expected to be I > Br > Cl F This element effect has indeed been documented in many instances, a few examples of which are listed in Table I... 

Mal, n. time mark, spot, mole sign, token ... 

Zelchen, n. symbol sign mark, stamp, brand signal symptom token. 

Recognition equipment such as a token or card and appropriate reader ... 

The H+ ion is the oxidizing agent it brings about the oxidation of zinc By the same token, zinc acts as a reducing agent it furnishes the electrons required to reduce H+ ions. 

Certain elements have the same oxidation number in all or almost all their compounds. The Group 1 metals always exist as +1 ions in their compounds and hence are assigned an oxidation number of +1. By the same token, Group 2 elements always have oxidation numbers of +2 in their compounds. Fluorine always has an oxidation number of — 1. 

Thus a 2p sublevel has a slightly higher energy than a 2s subleveL By the same token, when n = 3, the 3s sublevel has the lowest energy, the 3p is intermediate, and the 3d has the highest energy. 

Gases behave quite differently from solids. When a gas condenses to a liquid, heat is always evolved. By the same token, heat is usually evolved when a gas dissolves in a liquid ... 

As pointed out earlier in this chapter, most molecular weak acids are organic in nature they contain carbon as well as hydrogen atoms. By the same token, most molecular weak bases are organic compounds called amines, which were discussed briefly in Chapter 4. 

By the same token, addition of OH ions converts an equal amount of weak acid to its conjugate base B ... 

By the same token, 3.09 X 109 kj of energy would be evolved when one mole of Li-6 is formed from protons and neutrons. 

Two other, closely related, consequences flow from our central proposition. If the d orbitals are little mixed into the bonding orbitals, then, by the same token, the bond orbitals are little mixed into the d. The d electrons are to be seen as being housed in an essentially discrete - we say uncoupled - subset of d orbitals. We shall see in Chapter 4 how this correlates directly with the weakness of the spectral d-d bands. It also follows that, regardless of coordination number or geometry, the separation of the d electrons implies that the configuration is a significant property of Werner-type complexes. Contrast this emphasis on the d" configuration in transition-metal chemistry to the usual position adopted in, say, carbon chemistry where sp, sp and sp hybrids form more useful bases. Put another way, while the 2s... 

By the same token, the inclusion of diagrams could negatively affect students interpretation. Crisp and Sweiry (2006) studied students performance in examination questions. They found that on some occasions the inclusion of a diagram supplemented the verbal information provided in the examination questions whilst on other occasions the use of different diagrams associated with the same verbal questions did not significantly affect students performance. However, when students were provided with Fig. 3.5 and asked for the products of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate, which is an ingredient of toothpaste, 9% of students gave answers such as shampoo and soap . 

When one attempts to estimate some parameter, the possibility of error is implicitly assumed. What sort of errors are possible Why is it necessary to distinguish between two types of error Reality (as hindsight would show later on, but unknown at the time) could be red or blue, and by the same token, any assumptions or decisions reached at the time were either red ... 

Because the programs are compiled (. exe format), they can be run on any PC under Windows, but by the same token, they can no longer be tinkered with. For most users, this will not constitute a disadvantage, as even the authors of very well designed and documented source code occasionally run into problems when attempting to change some minor detail. Those who habitually tweak every screw they run into are aware that the old GW- or Q-Basic world was a much simpler place than today s universe of objects, mainly because the barebones syntax was easily memorized. 

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