Tobacco structural characterization

Structural Characterization and Visualization In Situ and After Isolation of Tobacco Pectin... 

Zook, M., K. Johnson, T. Hohn, and R. Hammerschmidt. Structural characterization of 15-hydroxytrychodiene, a ses-quiterpenoid produced by tansformed tobacco cell suspension cultures expressing a trichodiene synthase gene from Fusarium sporotrichoid.es. Phytochemistry 1996 43(6) 1235-1237. Eklund, A.M., I. Eorsblom, ]. E. Berg, C. Damberg, and I. Wahlberg. Tobacco chemistry. Four new cyclized cembranoids from tobacco. Acta Chem Scand Ser A 1998 52(10) 1254-1262. 

The existence of sulfite oxidase in plants snch as Arabidopsis thaliana (wall or thule cress), tobacco, pea, spinach, barley, carrot, and poplar trees has now been confirmed, and the enzyme from A. thaliana has been structurally characterized. The homodimeric, peroxisomal enzyme lacks the heme domain observed in animal sulfite oxidases, making it the simplest Mo-MPT enzyme yet isolated from eukarya. The animal and plant sulfite oxidases have an overall 47% sequence identity. The detoxification of sulfite, produced in the assimilation of sulfate into sulfur-containing amino acids and membrane components (sulfatides) and from environmental sources (acid rain), is also the principal role of the plant enzymes. 

Zook M, Johnson K, Hohn T, Hammerschmidt R (1996) Structural Characterization of 15-Hydroxytrichodiene, a Sesquiterpenoid Produced by Transformed Tobacco Cell Suspension Cultures Expressing a Trichodiene Synthase Gene from Fusarium sporotrichioides. Phytochemistry 43 1235... 

The rheological behavior of storage XGs was characterized by steady and dynamic shear rheometry [104,266]. Tamarind seed XG [266] showed a marked dependence of zero-shear viscosity on concentration in the semi-dilute region, which was similar to that of other stiff neutral polysaccharides, and ascribed to hyper-entanglements. In a later paper [292], the flow properties of XGs from different plant species, namely, suspension-cultured tobacco cells, apple pomace, and tamarind seed, were compared. The three XGs differed in composition and structural features (as mentioned in the former section) and... 

Chemical structures of certain glycophosphoceramides from tobacco leaves were studied. The structures which have been characterized to date are as follows ... 

Researchers at Japan Tobacco (Osaka, Japan) reported the CB2 selective inverse agonist JTE-907, whose structure is characterized by the presence of a carboxamide group in the 3-position of a quinolone nucleus (66, Fig. 18) (Iwamura et al. 2001) with anti-inflammatory in vivo activity. Naphthyridine derivatives sharing some structural features of JTE-907 were recently reported as cannabinoid receptor ligands with a preference for the CB2 receptor (Ferrarini et al. 2004). 

Cecropins. Cecropins (169) were isolated from the larval hemolymph of the giant silkworm moth, Hyalophora cecropia, on the basis of their antibacterial activity subsequent to bacterial injection. Cecropins are also produced by Drosophila (170) and the larva of the tobacco homworm, Manduca sexta (110). Similar compounds called sarcotoxins (171) are produced by the flesh fly, Sarcophaga. Cecropins (169) are specific for prokaryotic cell lysis in contrast to melittin, which lyses eukaryotic cell membranes as well. Cecropins are characterized structurally by a concentration of basic... 

Joyeux, T., J.-M. Loureau, C. Le Moigne, and G. Le BourveUec Characterization and influence of the porous structure of cigarette paper on CO deliveries 59th Tobacco Science Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 59, Paper No. 87, 2005, pp. 66-67. 

The references cited for a parficular tobacco and/or tobacco smoke component may deal with its identification or with a variety of topics pertinent to the particular component. Topics may include such simple items as the isolation and identification of a component, its characterization by classical chemical means, for example, the definition of the structure of solanesol isolated from flue-cured tobacco by Rowland et al. (3359), or the characterization of a component by spectrographic means, for example, UV, IR, NMR, MS, and chromatographic retention time. One example is the identification by Snook et al. of many PAHs (3756-3758) and aza-arenes (3750) in cigarette mainstream smoke (MSS). Many references cited herein describe the search for and elucidation of the precursor in tobacco of a particular component in cigarette MSS (3616), for example, the saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon precursors of the PAHs, including benzo[fl]pyrene (B[a]P) the quantitation of the component on a per gram of tobacco basis or on its per cigarette MSS... 

The characterization of the component by classical chemical means, for example, the definition of the structure of solanesol isolated from flue-cured tobacco by Rowland et al. (3359), the characterization of a component by spectrographic means such as UV, IR, NMR, MS, and chromatographic retention time, for example, the identification by Snook et al. of numerous PAHs (3756-3758) and aza-arenes (3750) in cigarette MSS. 

Mikimopine. The alkaloid mikimopine (26), induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes, was isolated from the hairy roots of tobacco (Isogai et al. 1990). On treatment with acid, the alkaloid underwent dehydration to afford the corresponding y-lactam, which was characterized using connectivities from an HMBC spectrum. Connectivities observed are shown on the structure. 

A major glycophosphoceramide from tobacco leaves, named PSL-I, has been characterized from the results of methylation, and periodate and chromium(vi) oxide oxidation analyses to have the structure (20)." Six other novel... 

---