Titanium sponge powders

Small metal particles are produced by mechanical comminution, chemical reaction, electrolytic deposition, and liquid-metal atomization  

Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are often prepared in commerce as dispersions in which the metal is suspended in some liquid, often flammable. 

Powder metallurgy and other types of process metallurgy (i.e., casting, working, machining, and electroforming) result in a vast number of finished or intermediate products  

Titanium is produced commercially by converting titanium oxide ore to titanium tetrachloride, then reducing it to produce a crude titanium product, //-tanium sponge. Titanium sponge can react with carbon dioxide to generate oxygen. 

Many metals oxidize in contact with the air or moisture. For reactive metals, this reaction may be particularly violent and evolve high heat. When in contact with water, hydrogen gas is liberated which will ignite if temperatures are sufficiently high. Alternatively other combustibles may be similarly ig- 

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Titanium sponge granules or Titanium sponge powders 2878... 

Titanium sponge powders, 4.1 Zinc powder, 4.2, 4.3 Zinc powder, non-... 

Direct synthesis from nitrogen and finely divided titanium metal can be achieved at temperatures of >ca 1200° C (4). Typically, titanium sponge or powder is heated in an ammonia- or nitrogen-filled furnace and the product is subsequently milled and classified. 

Salts, sawdust, scrap metals, shales, silicates, soda ash, sodium chloride, sodium compounds, sodium cyanide, sponge iron, steel turnings, stone wool, sugar, sulfur Teas, tin, titanium sponge, turnings Urea, urea formaldehyde Vanadium, vermiculite, vitamins Waxes, welding powder, wood dust, wood shavings Yeast (dry)... 

In this connection an urgent problem in production of titanium sponge and powders is the all-round regular study of process of hydrogenation in powders of titanium, obtained in different ways. 

Direct reduced iron (DRI, sponge iron), metal powders, titanium sponge Processing of metal or metal-bearing wastes for recycling... 

Friction sensitivity of Black Powder / titanium sponge mixes [Wharton] ... 

In further examinations of the Black Powder and titanium sponge mixtures, which resulted in manufacturing accidents, their impact sensitivities were determined [Wharton]. 

Titanium carbide powder is prepared by the reaction of Ti02 with carbon at 2000°C or above in hydrogen by the carburi2ation of titanium sponge by the auxiliary bath technique, or by plasma-CVD. Titanium carbide coatings are deposited by CVD, evaporation or sputtering (see Chs. 14 and 15). 

Ferrotitanium alloys are used in the production of titanium alloyed steels. Ferrotitanium with 70% Ti is manufactured in an induction furnace. The raw materials are iron scrap, titanium scrap and titanium sponge. Alternatively an aluminothermic process can be used. In that case the reaction occurs between aluminum powder, il-menite FeTiO and titanium sponge. Ferrotitanium alloys with lower Ti contents are manufactured in this way. 

Titanium Sponge, granules or powder 2878 32 Toxic Solid, water-reactive, n.o.s. 3125 34... 

Condensation of metal vapors followed by deposition on cooler surfaces yields metal powders as does decomposition of metal hydrides. Vacuum treatment of metal hydrides gives powders of fine particle size. Reaction of a metal haHde and molten magnesium, known as the KroU process, is used for titanium and zirconium. This results in a sponge-like product. 

The sponge form of titanium, zirconium, or hafnium is preferable in these syntheses because the tendency for explosive reaction is much less than with the powdered metals. More massive forms, such as wire or shot, react too slowly and less completely. Suitable sources are City Chemical Corp., 132 W. 22d St., New York, N.Y. 10011, and Electronic Space Products, Inc., 854 S. Robertson Blvd., Los Angeles, Calif. 90035. 

W. Pietsch, Titanium - From sponge to powder. VII Yugoslav Conf on Contemporary Materials, Subotica, Yugoslavia (1982). 

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