Titanium compositional model

Martineau P., Pailler, R., Lahaye, M. and Naslain, R. (1984). SiC filament/titanium matrix composites regarded as model composites, part 11, J. Mater. Sci. 19, 2749-2770. 

This chapter considers the fabrication of oxide semiconductor photoanode materials possessing tubular-form geometries and their application to water photoelectrolysis due to their demonstrated excellent photo-conversion efficiencies particular emphasis is given in this chapter to highly-ordered Ti02 nanotube arrays made by anodic oxidation of titanium in fluoride based electrolytes. Since photoconversion efficiencies are intricately tied to surface area and architectural features, the ability to fabricate nanotube arrays of different pore size, length, wall thickness, and composition are considered, with fabrication and crystallization variables discussed in relationship to a nanotube-array growth model. 

The simplest models for the composition of the planets presume that the differences between them can be explained in terms of an equilibrium condensation. At the highest temperatures a sequence of mixed oxides of calcium, titanium, and aluminum would be found (>1,400 K). This would be followed, at lower temperatures, by metal and silicate fractions. At temperatures somewhat greater than 600 K alkali metals enter the silicate phase along with sulfur, which combines with iron at 650 K to form triolite... 

In a generic study, sol-gel-derived titania films were deposited to mimic as closely as possible the native oxide layer found on titanium implants (Haddow et al., 1996). The effects of dip rate, sintering temperature and time on the chemical composition of the films, their physical structure and thickness, and adherence to a silica substrate were investigated. These films are to be used as substrates in an in vitro model of osseointegration. 

Using the unidirectional stiffness properties of the composite material (HTA/6376) in Table 11.1, the laminates were modelled with one orthotropic solid element per ply in the thickness direction, leading to 16 elements through-thickness for both the splice plate and skin plate. As before, the titanium bolts were modelled with isotropic material properties, with material constants Eb = 110 GPa, Vb = 0.29. Linear 8-node hexa-hedral brick elements with a reduced integration scheme were used for the laminates and bolts. This element formulation was used to reduce the cost of the analysis and size of the output files, which were very large. 

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