Tissue regeneration matrix proteins

A scaffold material can provide cues that will direct and control the cell-matrix interactions to promote and regulate tissue regeneration. Biochemical signals such as matrix proteins, adhesive peptides, and growth factors can be incorporated into a material by nonspecific adsorption or through covalent immobilization. Since many mammalian cells require adhesion for cell viability, these molecules can provide the essential cues for cell attachment. 

Porous PLA/PGA copolymer has been proposed as a successful biodegradable matrix for tissue engineering for both bone and cartilage regeneration and osteoblasts are observed to adhere better to and produce more extracellular matrix proteins on PLA/PGA copolymer than on other osteocompatible bioresorbable materials. 

Cell migration is another essential part of tissue regeneration and wound healing. The movement of a mammalian cell on a substrate requires at least three structural elements an extracellular matrix (ECM) ligand on the substrate, its cell siuface receptor, and the intracellular cytoskeleton [36]. The receptors that play key roles for cell movement belong to a large family of transmembrane proteins called integrins [37]. 

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