Tissue reconstruction protein

DW Urry, A Pattanaik. Elastic protein-based materials in tissue reconstruction. Ann NY Acad Sci 831 32-46, 1997. 

D.W. Urry and A. Pattanaik, Elastic Protein-based Materials in Tissue Reconstruction. Ann. N.YAcad Sci., 831,32-16,1997. 

A few examples are discussed in Chapter 9 wherein the future will see the biosynthesis of biodegradable protein-based thermoplastics, materials to prevent postsurgical adhesions, temporary functional scaffoldings to direct tissue reconstruction, and drug delivery devices for new drug release regimens. 

The ftunUy of protein-based polymers emphasized here look back to the parent repeating elastic peptide sequence (GVGVP) , which was found in the mammalian elastic fiber, a soft tissue. Because of this, it is perhaps most appropriate to begin consideration of medical applications with the subject of soft tissue restoration. The word restoration describes a treatment not to replace, as is often implied in terms of tissue engineering and tissue reconstruction, but rather to set the stage for the regeneration of a more nearly natural state. 

In this brief review of the elastic and plastic protein-based polymers, the chemical and microbial syntheses of these pohmers are noted several of the more commonly used physical characterizations of these polymers are described the important biological characterizations of biocompatibility (toxicity), immunogenicity, and biodegradability are considered, and the applications of drug delivery and tissue reconstruction are discussed. 

Of a rather long list of applications that are under consideration for these pohmers, only two will be discussed here. One is drug delivery because this application can take full advantage of the rich transitional properties of these transductional elastic and plastic protein-based poltmers (Urry et al, 1997), and the other is tissue reconstruction because this application can simidtaneously take advantage of the range of elastic moduli that are possible with these polymers, the capacity to introduce cell attachment sequences, and their ultimate biodegradability (Urr), 1993b). 

We proposed to study diet and health by combining bone chemistry and histomorphometry. Diet would be determined by analysis of stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in bone protein and some preserved hair. In addition, trace elements would be quantitatively analyzed in preserved bone mineral. Abonyi (1993) participated in the study by reconstructing the diet from historical sources and analyzing various foods. Having analyzed human tissues for stable isotopes and trace elements, and foods for the same variables, we hoped to learn more about 19th century diet in southern Ontario, and at the same time, learn more about paleodiet reconstruction. 

MALDI-TOF-IMS direct analysis and imaging of tissue section show continuously increased performances in term of detected molecules, sensitivity, and applications. MALDI-TOF-IMS analysis of protein and peptides in three-dimensional (3D) volume reconstruction explores the proteome of complex tissue such as the brain [59],... 

Collagen, being a major protein of connective tissues in animals, is widely distributed in skin, bones, teeth, tendons, eyes, and most other tissues in the body and accounts for about one-third of the total protein content in mammals. It also plays an important role in the formation of tissues and organs and is involved in various cells in terms of their functional expression. Collagen as a biomaterial has been used for repair and reconstruction of tissues and as an agent for wound dressing. 

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