Timber construction

Timber Construction Manual, American Insliitite of Timber Consiruction, John Wiley Sons, 1966. 

Another area of necessary research is development of treatments that will increase resistance of wood to fire penetration. The work done by Schaffer (31,33) and others in this field should be carried further. The slow rate of fire penetration in thick wood members is one of the basic assets of wood and has been accepted and utilized for many years in heavy timber construction. But thin wood members and paneling have a considerably higher fire penetration rate than thick wood members under severe fire conditions. A fire-retardant system that will give slower fire penetration means more available safety time for fire fighting personnel and for evacuation of occupants from a burning building. 

Although preliminary studies suggest that face-laminations can be obtained using adhesives made from condensed tannins that pass the standards of the American Institute of Timber Construction (< ), less is known about how to formulate adhesives using these materials for end-jointing of wood. This study, funded by the USDA Small Business Innovation Research Program, was undertaken to develop adhesive formulations containing 50% of sulfite extracts obtained from the bark of southern pine trees and demonstrate their use in... 

Resin synthesis, adhesive formulation, and evaluation techniques are described by Clark et al. (3,4) Plywood shear specimens were prepared according to U.S. Product Standard PS 1-83 for exterior plywood (5). Glulam shear specimens were tested according to the American Institute of Timber Construction (AITC) standards AITC-T107 and AITC-T110 for dry shear and vacuum-pressure soak (3). Glulam test specimens were also subjected to a 2-hour boil treatment (not an AITC test) prior to shear (7,8). 13C-NMR spectra were recorded at 100.6 MHz on a Bruker AM-400 NMR spectrometer. Gel permeation chromatography... 

American Institute of Timber Construction. Inspection Manual. AITC 200-83. Englewood, CO, 1983 79 pp. 

AITC (1990) Standard for preservative treatment of structural glued-laminated timber. AITC 109. American Institute of Timber Construction, Englewood, Colorado AITC (2001) Standard appearance grades for structural glued-laminated timber. AITC 110. 

Anonymous (1996) Best Management Practices for the Use of Treated Wood in Aquatic Environments. USA version. Western Wood Preservers Institute, Vancouver, BC ANSI/AITC (2002) Structural glued laminated timber. ANSEAITC A190-1. American National Standards Institute and American Institute of Timber Construction, Englewood, Colorado... 

Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Forest Products Technology and Timber Construction,... 

Duncan, J. R. (1988). Corrosion of metal fasteners in timber. Construct. Building Mater., 2(4), 194-200. 

While wood is fairly inert chemically (see Table 16.5), it is readily dehydrated by concentrated solutions, and hence shrinks badly. It is also slowly hydrolyzed by acids and alkalis, especially when hot. Concentrated acids and dilute alkalis attack wood. In tank construction, if sufficient shrinkage once takes place to allow crystals to form between the staves, it becomes very difficult to make the tank tight again. A strong drawback of timber construction material is that wood is also subject to biological attack (e.g., bacterial, marine borers). Therefore, in order to reduce both chemical and biological attack, timber structures need to... 

Exposed portions of structural membeis complying with the requirements for heavy timber construction may be permitted. 

In the second approach (120), condensed tannins were purified of co-occur-ring carbohydrates and used as resorcinol replacements in a honeymoon system (116) as described previously in use of wattle tannin adhesives. One surface was spread with a commercial phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde laminating adhesive, to which additional formaldehyde was added. The other surface was spread with pine bark tannin extract in sodium hydroxide solutions. Bonds meeting the requirements of the American Institute of Timber Construction were also obtained using this approach. It was necessary to remove the carbohydrates, however. Addition of the separated carbohydrates at comparatively low levels (about 10%) resulted in bonds with low wood failure. 

American Institute of Timber Construction. 2005. Timber Construction Manual. Hoboken, NJ John Wiley Sons. Internet version also available. The standard reference for timber construction. 

American Institute of Timber Construction http //www.aitc-glulam.org/ (accessed November 3, 2010). Organization produces manuals and other key publications on U.S. practice, particularly on laminated timber. 

A building is to be constructed in compliance with Type IV, Heavy Timber Construction Classification in accordance with the 2006 International Building Code. Using the following Section 602 and Table 602.4 from the 2006 IBC, which of the following would be an acceptable minimum wood column size to support an elevated floor system ... 

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