Three Birds

Featherless chickens treated with DEF under laboratory conditions developed delayed neurotoxicity. Three birds were pretreated with atropine sulfate (20 mg/kg s.c.) 30 minutes before they were injected with DEF (800 mg/kg s.c. technical grade, 94 purity, Mobay Chemical Co.). (A second injection of atropine sulfate was administered 2 hours after treatment with DEF.) Control hens received two injections of atropine sulfate as above. The birds were observed daily for changes in behavior, weighed and blood samples taken 2, 6, 13, and 20 days after treatment. Ataxia developed 12 days after treatment with DEF. CHE decreased to low levels as expected, in both scaleless (Figure 6) and normal birds (not shown), and, in this study, did not return to normal levels by 20 days. CK levels rose after treatment with DEF, but did not rise in the controls. Plasma CK activity also rose in birds treated with TOCP and parathion (11). 

Figure 6. Plasma levels of CHE and CK in scaleless chickens given 800 mg/kg DEF and 40 mg/kg atropine, or atropine alone, and sampled on the days indicated (8). Three birds per group dark bars are for DEF-treated birds.

Though the play is set in Italy, Jonson has already satirized London Puritanism. In the last sequence, he prepares us for the English tourist Sir Politic Would-be. Sir Pol suggests the poll parrot, and the English fools are bumbling and ineffectual mimics of the fools of the main plot. Lady Pol is a burlesque of the three birds of prey. 

The vulture is one of the three birds of prey that circle around the fox, greedy and full of expectation. He is a lawyer and consequently has a weakness for wills. He uses his legal knowledge to advocate injustice in order to possess Volpone s fortune. Mosca wisely fools this gull by employing the advocate s own tactics that is, he tells Voltore the biggest lie and documents it with elements of well-known facts. 

What is the dramatic significance of the animal names of Volpone, Mosca, and the three birds of... 

Bruckner A. Killing three birds with one stone - simultaneous operando EPR/UY-vis/ Raman spectroscopy for monitoring catalytic reactions. Chem Commun. 2005 1761. 

The FLOCK sequence (so named because it contains three BIRD pulses) of Reynolds is similar to the rest of the pulse sequences that have been discussed in that it is a variahle-evolution-time experiment (/] becomes progressively larger). FLOCK thus avoids the potential absence of C-H correlations. Its pulse sequence is given in Figure 7-19. 

Below the three birds, red, white, and black, within the alembic symbolize the matter that is heated up into elements which are separate. They separate only to reunite, and the three birds recombine in the next stage into a superior single bird created from the materials of the three. 

RF B Red fibres, x 400. A similar localization was aiao obtained In the muscle of the other three birds studied (Courtesy Chlnoy, N.J., 1969). 

Bruckner, A. (2005). Killing Three Birds with One Stone - Simultaneous Operando EPR/UV-Vis/Raman Spectroscopy for Monitoring Catalytic Reactions, Chem. Commun.,13,... 

Animal nutritionists have developed formulas to guide them in recommending the amount of food to feed animals in captive situations such as in zoos. First, the number of calorics needed to maintain the animal while at rest is determined—this is called the basal metabolic rate (BMR). In general, a reptile s BMR is only 15 percent that of a placental mammal, while a bird s is quite a bit higher than both a reptile s and a mammal s. For all animals, the number of calories they should receive on a maintenance diet is twice that used at the basal metabolic rate. A growing animal should receive three times the number of calories at the BMR, while an animal in the reproductive phase should receive four to six times the BMR. 

Craig Reynolds [reyn87] programmed a set of artificial birds-which he called bolds-to follow three simple local rules ... 

Recently, a novel class of type 1-like human IFNs, named 1FN-A,1 or lL-29,1FN-A.2 (1F-28A) and 1FN-X3 (1F-28B), was identified (Dumoutier et al. 2003 Sheppard et al. 2003). The three IFN-A, genes cluster on human chromosome 19 and comprise 5 exons for 1FN-A,1 and 6 for 1FN-A.2 and 1FN-A.3, and several introns (Table 1). They encode 20- to 22-kDa secreted monomeric proteins of 196 to 200 amino acids. Type 111 IFNs have also been identified in other species such as mice, birds, and fish. 

Since the middle of the 1990s, another computation method, direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC), has been employed in analysis of ultra-thin film gas lubrication problems [13-15]. DSMC is a particle-based simulation scheme suitable to treat rarefied gas flow problems. It was introduced by Bird [16] in the 1970s. It has been proven that a DSMC solution is an equivalent solution of the Boltzmann equation, and the method has been effectively used to solve gas flow problems in aerospace engineering. However, a disadvantageous feature of DSMC is heavy time consumption in computing, compared with the approach by solving the slip-flow or F-K models. This limits its application to two- or three-dimensional gas flow problems in microscale. In the... 

As explained in Section 5.2.3, p,p -DDE is much more persistent in food chains than either p,p -DDT or p,p -DDD, and dnring the 1960s when DDT was still extensively used, it was often the most abundant of the three compounds in birds and mammals found or sampled in the field. Since the widespread banning of DDT, very little of the pesticides has been released into the environment, and p,p -DDE is by far the most abnndant DDT residue found in biota. While discussing the ecological effects of DDT and related compounds, effects on population numbers will be considered before those on popnlation genetics (gene frequencies). 

The effects of EDCs on behavior in fish have been more extensively studied than in birds. Examples of the effects of EDCs seen in fish include profound alterations in courtship behavior in male guppies (Poecilia reticulate) exposed to vinclozolin and DDE, including at environmentally relevant concentrations (Baatrup and Junge 2001) and altered courtship behavior in three-spined stickleback exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of EE2 (Bell 2001). In the stickleback studies, exposed males became less aggressive and had a reduced nesting activity, and this was linked with reduced concentrations of the male sex androgen 11-ketotestosterone. Recently,... 

The deliberate poisoning of harmful birds leads to unexpected consequences. In three districts of the former GDR in 1964-65, com was sprayed with methyl parathion and grain with zinc phosphide to fight rooks. As was expected, a large number of birds died, but rooks made up only 3% of the total [32]. 

Shell is the term generally used to refer to the hard exoskeleton of some animals, such as the mollusks, as well as to the protective covering of the eggs of birds and some amphibians and reptiles. The shell of many mollusks, for example, consists of three layers the innermost is a shiny layer of nacre, also known as mother of pearl, which includes a mixture of the mineral arag-... 

Llacuna, S., Gorriz, A., Sanpera, C., and Nadal, J. 1995. Metal accumulation in three species of passerine birds (Emberiza cia, Parus major, and Turdus merula) subjected to air-pollution from a coal-fired power plant. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 28 298-303. 

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