Thin poly

Miura S, Teramura Y, Iwata H (2006) Encapsulation of islets with ultra-thin poly ion complex membrane through polyethylene glycol)-phospholipids anchored to cell membrane. Biomaterials 27 5828-5835... 

A variety of phenol couplings have been described. Those reported before 1991 have been reviewed [66]. 2-Naphthol (27) was oxidized to l,l -binaphthol (28) in high current efficiency on a graphite felt electrode coated with a thin poly(acrylic acid) layer immobilizing 4-amino-2,2, 6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-l-oxy (4-amino-TEMPO) (Scheme 10) [67]. 

Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) with sensor membranes based on sensor molecules plus suitable plasticising solvent mediators are best fabricated with such components physically entangled in a thin poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane. 

The analysis of current-voltage characteristics provides new insight into conductivity control in thin poly(diphenylenephthalide) films by changing voltage on the middle electrode. Thus, possibility of nonconjugate polymer application in thin-film vertical transistor has been shown. 

Recognizing that the conducting polypyrrole films can be chemically modified (.1,2), the phenyl substituent assumes a particularly important role because it provides a means of introducing a wide selection of functional groups into the polymer. With this objective in mind, we have prepared a series of N-arylpyrrole polymers and find the thin poly-N-(p-nitrophenyl)pyrrole films of particular interest because they combine the electroactive properties of nitrobenzene and polypyrrole. With this combination, the polymer can be switched electrochemically between the cationic, neutral, and anionic form. 

Lu L, Garcia CA, Mikos AG. In vitro degradation of thin poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) films. J Biomed Mater Res 1999 46 236-244. 

The piezoelectric phenomena have been used to generate ultrasonic waves up to microwave frequencies using thin poly(vinylidene fluoride) transducers. In the audio range a new type of loudspeaker has been introduced using the transverse piezolectric effect on a mechanically biased membrane. This development has been of considerable interest to telephone engineers and scientists. 

Experimental details.1503 A mixture of the monomer 579 (1 3 mg) and a photoinitiator ( 3 wt%) in a sample (open-air) cell was irradiated with a high-pressure mercury discharge lamp (200 W) (Figure 3.11). In order to prevent evaporation of the monomer, the cell was covered with a thin poly(ethylene terephthalate) film. The extent of polymerization was evaluated by differential photocalorimetry. 

Pal, A.J. et ah. Polymeric light-emitting diodes from molecularly thin poly(3-hexy-Ithiophene) Langmuir-Blodgett films. A/)/)/. Phys. Lett. 69, 1137-1139, 1996. 

Dorkenoo, K. D., and Pfromm, P. H., Accelerated physical aging of thin poly[l-(trimethylsilyl)-l-prop5me] films. Macromolecules, 33, 3747-3751 (2000). 

In terms of ion and solvent transfers, polythiophenes provide some of the more complex examples of acoustic wave behavior and thus more sophisticated examples of data interpretation. In the simpler, gravimetric regime early measurements of ion, solvent, and cation ( salt ) transfer at acoustically thin poly(2,2 -bithiophene) [33] films have been shown to be typical for example, the presence of salt in reduced poly(l,4-ethylenedioxythio-phene) films is implied by a substantial contribution from cation expulsion during polymer oxidation [159]. 

The bombardment-induced ion transport technique has been used to assess the ionic conductivity of thin poly(/7-xylylene) films [57]. In such an experiment, a polymeric film is bombarded with a potassium ion beam. 

Kolling T, Unger E, Sun S, Weitzel KM. Transport of caesium ions through thin poly-/ -xylylene films. Thin Solid Films 2009 517(16) 4583-6. 

Zhokhavets, U., G. Gobsch, H. Hoppe, and N.S. Sariciftci. 2005. A systematic study of the anisotropic optical properties of thin poly(3-octylthiophene)-films in dependence on growth parameters. Thin Solid Films 451 69. 

Centonze, D., C. Malitesta, F. Palmisano, and P.G. Zambonin. 1994. Permeation of solutes through an electropolymerized ultra thin poly-o-phenylenediamine film used as an enzyme-entrapped membrane. Electroanalysis 6 423. 

Variation in IR spectra of a thin poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA film measured with different methods are shown in Fig. 3.26 [7]. The vC = O band at 1730 cm is the most distorted due to its relatively high oscillator strength. 

Cheng, Z. and Teoh, S.-H. 2004. Surface modification of ultra thin poly ( -caprolactone) films using acrylic acid and collagen. 25 1991-2001. 

Chen, R, Lee, C.N. and Teoh, S.H. 2007a. Nanofibrous modification on ultra-thin poly(epsiloncaprolactone) membrane via electro spinning. 27 ... 

The measurement of MCD spectra as a companion to absorption spectra can often reveal more spectral features because of the bisignate nature of the MCD. This is illustrated nicely by the spectra obtained for the Pt(AuPPh3)g + and Au(AuPPh3)g + cluster complexes embedded in thin poly(methyl methacrylate) plastic films shown in Figure These complexes have metal-... 

For the separation of peptides and proteins followed by MALDl-TOF-MS detection, porous polymer monoliths were prepared by UV-initiated photografting of the respective monomer solutions. Plates were produced as 50- to 200-pm thin poly(butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) layers and as 50-pm thin poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) layers with a gradient of hydrophobic-ity for 2D separations [13,14]. Thermally initiated polymerization was used for the production of 50-pm thin poly(4-methylstyrene-co-chloromethylstyrene-co-divinylbenzene) layers. The specific surface area of this styrene-containing polymer was further increased by hypercrosslinking via Friedel-Crafts alkylation, resulting in a higher separation performance [15]. 

FIGURE 9.3 UTLC separation of methylene blue and methyl red on a 50-(im thin poly(butyl acrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) monolithic layer and UTLC-MALDI mass spectrum of methylene bine recorded without the use of any matrix. (Reprinted with permission from Bakry, R. et al. Anal. Chem., 79 486-493, 2007. Copyright 2007, American Chemical Society.)... 

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