Nadic methyl anhydride

The methylated maleic acid adduct of phthalic anhydride, known as methyl nadic anhydride VI, is somewhat more useful. Heat distortion temperatures as high as 202°C have been quoted whilst cured systems, with bis-phenol epoxides, have very good heat stability as measured by weight loss over a period of time at elevated temperatures. The other advantage of this hardener is that it is a liquid easily incorporated into the resin. About 80 phr are used but curing cycles are rather long. A typical schedule is 16 hours at 120°C and 1 hour at 180°C. 

When cured with room temperature curing system these resins have similar thermal stability to ordinary bis-phenol A type epoxides. However, when they are cured with high-temperature hardeners such as methyl nadic anhydride both thermal degradation stability and heat deflection temperatures are considerably improved. Chemical resistance is also markedly improved. Perhaps the most serious limitation of these materials is their high viscosity. 

Materials Description. Three CIBA-GEIGY epoxy/hardener systems were studied Araldite 6010/906, Araldite 6010/HY 917 and Araldite 6010/972 with stoichiometries 100/80, 100/80 and 100/27, respectively. Araldite 6010 was a DGEBA epoxy resin. The hardeners 906, HY 917 and 972 were, respectively, methyl nadic anhydride (MNA), methyltetrahydro phthalic anhydride (MTPHA) and methylene dianiline (MDA). These systems were investigated previously for the matrix controlled fracture in composites (6-8). The curing cycles used can be found in (6). The ideal chemical structures of the systems are shown in Table I. Neat resins were thoroughly degassed and cast into 1.27 cm thick plates for preparation of test specimens. 

Beilstein Handbook Reference) 5-Norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride, methyl- BRN 0162395 EINECS 246-644-8 Epicure NMA Hardener HY906 HSDB 6093 Kayahard MOO MEA 610 4,7-Methanoisobenzofuran-1,3-dione, 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-methyl-, Methendic anhydride Methyl-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride Methyl nadic anhydride Methylbicyclo(2.2.1)heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride isomers Methylendic anhydride Methylnorbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride Nadic methyl anhydride NMA TK10 524 XMNA. 

Dimethylamino)benzoic acid 3- 246-644-8 Methyl nadic anhydride 2489... 

A 4 methyl yclohexene-l,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride B methyl endomethylene-tetrahydrophthahc anhydride (Methyl Nadic Anhydride)... 

Cured with MNA (methyl nadic anhydride) 16 hours room temperature plus 4.5 hours 150 C. 

NMA n. (1) Abbreviation for methyl nadic anhydride. (2) Abbreviation for AT-methyl acetamide. 

Methyl nadic anhydride (MNA) Benzyl dimethyl amine (BDMA) The results of the simulations are presented in Figure 3.7 and in Table 3.1. 

Methyl endo-methylene-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride Methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA) [19438-60-9] Methyl nadic anhydride [25134-21-8]... 

EPON. Put 20.0 g EPON, 13.0 g Dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA) and 11.5 g Methyl nadic anhydride (MNA) into the same test-tube. Heat the tube in the oven for 2-3 min at 60° and then vortex it well. Add 0.9 g tri-Dimethylaminomethyl phenol (DMP-30, all from Electron Microscopy Sciences, Fort Washington, PA) and immediately vortex the tube again. It is possible to freeze the EPON in aliquots and to store it for a long time at -20° before use. 

LARC-13-Mod. II-LARC-13-Mod. II dilute solution Methyl nadic anhydride + 20 mol m-phenylenediamine in LARC-13 Same as in 2. 1250 540... 

Cured with methyl nadic anhydride (MNA) 16 hrs room temperature plus 4.5 hrs 150°C ... 

Anhydrides are also high temperature curing agents. The reaction with epoxy resins is slow in the absence of an accelerator, and requires quite large quantities. Typical substances used include methyl nadic anhydride and hexahydrophthalic anhydride. (Methyl nadic anhydride is a convenient liquid at room temperature, whereas nadic anhydride is a solid.)... 

Methyl nadic anhydride Liquid 1 h at 120°C then 20hat220°C... 

Nadicimide end-capped oligomers were usually prepared in two steps namely preparation of amine terminated nadicimide and chain extension with a dianhydride. Appropriate quantities of nadic or methyl nadic anhydride and diamine in glacial acetic acid were refluxed for several hours and the amine terminated nadicimide was recovered by precipitation. Then chain extension with 6FDA was carried out in acetone at 60 C. Chemical imidization of the amic acid to imide was carried out using sodium acetate and acetic anhydride [130,131]. Instead of diamines, triamines can also be used [132-134]. Chemical structure of nadicimide end-capped resins prepared from di and triamine (Figure 23) is given below. 

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