Thiamylal

Chemical Name Dihydro-5-(1-methylbutyl)-5-(2-propenyl)-2-thioxo-4,6(1 H,5H)-pyrimidine- 

Chemical Abstracts Reflistry No. 77-27-0 Trade Name Manufacturer 

In 450 cc of methanol is added 47 grams of sodium metal and the mixture allowed to completely react to form a methanol solution of sodium methoxide. The methanol solution of sodium methoxide is then cooled to 60°C and 68 grams of thiourea which has been thoroughly dried is added with stirring until a uniform solution is formed. Thereafter, 157 grams of diethyl allyl-(1-methylbutyl)malonate is added to the solution of the sodio derivative of thiourea at a temperature of 55°C and the condensation reaction mixture maintained at the said temperature for 24 hours. Methyl alcohol is removed under vacuum during the course of the reaction while maintaining a temperature of 55°C. 

The viscous reaction mixture is then poured into 1.5 liters of ice water and agitated to form a uniform solution. The solution is treated with activated carbon and filtered. Thereafter, 80% acetic acid is added until the filtered solution remains acidic to litmus. The precipitate formed is filtered and washed thoroughly with distilled water. The product is air-dried at a temperature of 95° to 100°C for 48 hours to yield 133 grams of 5-allyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)-2-thiobarbituric acid having a melting point of 132° to 133°C and assaying at 99.5% pure, from U.S. Patent 2,876,225. 

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Barbiturates. The ultrashort-acting barbiturates (see Table 1) methohexital (4), thiopental (5), and thiamylal (6) are used for induction and... 

Thi abut azide 358 Thialbarbital 1, 275 Thiamphenicol 2 45 Thiamprine 2, 464 Thiamylal I, 274 Thiazinium chloride 3, 240 Thi azolsul Tone 14T Thi ethyl perazi ne 1, 382 Thiobarbital 1, 275 Thiofuradene T, 231 Thioguanine 464... 

Diethylacetylamino malonate Hydroxytryptophan Diet hy lal ly I-(1 -met hylbutyl) malonate Thiamylal Diethylamine Amodiaquin Benzquinamide Bialamicol Diethylpropion HCI Disulfiram Ethamivan... 

Cyclic thioureas such as 2-thiouracil 1118 (R = H), its 6-methyl 1118 (R = Me) and 6-propyl derivatives 1118 (R = Pr), as well as thiobarbital 1119 are effective agents against hyperthyroidism, while thiamylal 1120 is used as an anesthetic. A large number of barbituric acid derivatives have hypnotic or sedative effects, and allobarbital 1121 (R = R = allyl), aprobarbital 1121 (R = allyl, R = r-Pr), cyclobarbital 1121 (R = Et, R = 1-cyclohexenyl), pentobarbital 1121 (R = Et, R = 2-pentyl), phenobarbital 1121 (R = Et, R = Ph), propallyonal 1121 (R = isopropyl, R = 2-bromoallyl), and secobarbital 1121 (R = allyl, R = 2-pentyl) are all examples of N-unsubstituted barbiturates, while hexobarbital 1122 represents an N-methylated derivative. 

The most commonly used barbiturates are thiopentone [5-ethyl-5-(l-methylbutyl)-2-thiobarbituric acid], methohexitone [l-methyl-5-allyl-5-(l-methyl-2-pentynyl) barbituric acid], and thiamylal [5-allyl-5-(l-methylbutyl)-2-thio-barbituric acid]. Thiamylal is slightly more Table 4.3 Incidence of life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous anaesthetic agents... 

The general pharmacology of the barbiturates is discussed in Chapter 22. Thiopental is a barbiturate commonly used for induction of anesthesia. Thiamylal is structurally almost identical to thiopental and has the same pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile. 

OFFICIAL NAMES Methohexital (Brevital), thiamylal (Suri-tal), thiopental (Pentothal), pentobarbital (Nembutal), secobarbital (Seconal), amobarbital (Amytal), bubalbital (Florinal, Fioricet), butabarbital (Butisol), talbutal (Lotusate), aprobarbi-tal (Alurate), amobarbital and secobarbital (Tuinal), phenobarbital (Luminal), mephobarbital (Mebaral)... 

The ultrashort-acting barbiturates methohexital (Bre-vital), thiamylal (Surital), and thiopental (Pentothal) are administered as an anesthetic before surgery. The barbiturate is injected into the patient s vein to induce anesthesia. The patient then receives a longer-acting anesthetic like nitrous oxide. The drugs are used in hospital settings and are not subject to abuse, according to the DEA. 

Thiamylal see Barbiturates Thiopental see Barbiturates Thioridazine see Antidepressants Tranquilizers Thiothixene see Tranquilizers Thorazine see Tranquilizers 3-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-indole see Dimethyl-tryptamine (DMT)... 

CH4N2S 62-56-6) see Adrafinil Amiphenazole Auranofin Brinzolamide Captodiame Cefixime Cefmenoxime Cefotaxime Ceftazidime Ceftriaxone Dipyridamole Famotidine Levamisole Mesna Methylthiouracil Modafinil Pioglitazone Pramipexole hydrochloride Propylthiouracil Talipexole Thiamylal Thiopental Troglitazone "thiovandid"... 

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