Theories, nature

Klug A and Crowther R A 1972 Three-dimensional image reoonstruotion from the viewpoint of information theory Nature 238 435-40... 

Proc.RSL A113 (1927) 621641 Pascual Jordan, "Ueber eine neue Begriindung der Quantenmechanik," ZP 40 (1927) 809838 Werner Heisenberg, "Ueber den anschaulichen Inhalt der quantentheoretischen Kinematik und Mechanik," ZP 43 (1927) 172198. Bohr first discussed the principle of complementarity at a conference in Como in 1927 see Niels Bohr, "The Quantum Postulate and the Recent Development of Atomic Theory," Nature 121 (1928) 580590. 

The Quantum Postulate and the Recent Development of Atomic Theory." Nature 121 (1928) 580590. 

Contributions to the energy which depend only on the small parameters a. and Za. are called radiative corrections. Powers of a arise only from the quantum electrodynamics loops, and all associated corrections have a quantum field theory nature. Radiative corrections do not depend on the recoil factor m/M and thus may be calculated in the framework of QED for a bound electron in an external field. In respective calculations one deals only with the complications connected with the presence of quantized fields, but the two-particle nature of the bound state and all problems connected with the description of the bound states in relativistic quantum field theory still may be ignored. 

S. Epstein, and J. Swartz, The fallacies of lifestyle cancer theories. Nature, 289 (January), 1981. 

In this section we will review the symmetry-adapted perturbation theory of pairwise nonadditive interactions in trimers. This theory was formulated in Ref. (302). We will show that pure three-body polarization and exchange components can be explicitly separated out and that the three-body polarization contributions through the third-order of perturbation theory naturally separate into terms describing the pure induction, mixed induction-dispersion, and pure dispersion interactions. 

Waelti P, Dickinson A, Schultz W (2001) Dopamine responses comply with basic assumptions of formal learning theory. Nature 472 43 18. 

Furthermore, experimental thermochemical data, however few, dominate this chapter. This is not to say calculational theory has been mute. For example, we recall the symbiotic study5 of gas phase ion experiment and ab initio calculational theory that interrelated imines and enamines. Yet, use of this study is seriously restricted because the enthalpy of formation of imines remains problematic6. The use of calculational theory naturally brings up the question of energy units for the current study. While energies are generally reported in the organic chemical literature in kJ mol-1 and kcal mol-1, other units such as eV and Hartrees are more dominant in the theoretical and physical chemical literature. In this chapter, we will follow the orthodox practice of thermochemists all enthalpies will be in kJ mol-1 with conversion factors of 1 kcal mol-1 =4.184 kJ mol"1 1 k J mol 1 = 0.2390 kcal mol 1. 

Zahler, R. S., and Sussman, H. J. (1977) Claims and accomplishments of applied catastrophe theory. Nature 269, 759. 

Takagi K, Takayanagi I. 1968. Electrophysical experiments on the action of some partial agonists and their application to receptor theory. Nature 218 275-276. 

Beryllium-silicon bonds are a recent development. They are likewise prepared by the reaction of the metal halide with alkali metal silyls, but unlike the Mg analogues, both of the well-characterized Be examples are base-free. While [(te/T-Bu3Si)BeCl] is oligomeric, the molecular structure of (tert-Bu3Si)2Be features a perfectly linear Si-Be-Si unit. CpBe(SiMe3), prepared from CpBeCl and trimethylsilyllithium in pentane, exhibits an intriguing thermal chemistry. The identity of the primary thermolysis products, Scheme 14, implies the participation of silylene intermediates, a contention supported by DFT/NBO (density functional theory/natural bond order) analysis. ... 

Bentley, R. Ogston and the development of prochirality theory. Nature 1978, 276, 673-676. 

When the ideal gas is dissolved into a solvent at constant pressure, the solvent volume increases by nrksT. This volume increase, which has nothing to do with the molecular interactions, originates from the physical cause that the ideal gas makes the solvent volume increase in order to gain the entropy (at a constant pressure). The original K-B theory naturally includes this contribution in the form nTkB,T. This is true for solutes of monoatomic molecules. However, it is not so obvious if it applies to polyatomic solutes as well. If atoms in the solute molecule could move freely in the solvent, the ideal contribution would be N... 

Ospovat D (1981) The Development of Darwin s Theory. Natural Historyy Natural Theology and Natural Selection 1838-1859. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 

Introduction. The subject of reactor theory naturally divides itself into reactor statics and reactor dynamics. In reactor statics the focus of interest is on the mathematical aspects of the theory. With a few exceptions, such as the methods for obtaining cross section averages in heterogeneous systems, the physics of the problem is straightforward and relatively well understood, while a great deal of effort is devoted to methods of solution for a precisely formulated mathematical problem, the transport equation. 

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