The Pathogenic Agent and its Vector

In 1907, Laveran was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. 

172 Ronald Ross himself contracted the disease In 1897 when he was posted In Ooty, India. In 7 902, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it . 

173 Female Anopheles gambiae at a blood meal (their male counterparts feed on plant nectar). Besides Anopheles funestus, this malaria vector belongs to the most prominent in Afrika. There are around 460 anopheline species. Many of them feed on blood from animals (zoophilic), e.g. birds, mice and cattle, some 30-40 of them (anthropophilic) prefer however human blood and thereby transfer malaria. 

174 Life cycle of malaria parasites. The Russian physician Nikolai A. Sakharov reported in 1890 that he had injected himself with the intestinal contents of a leech, which had fed on a malaria patient a couple of days earlier, and that 12 days later he had come down with malaria. This heroic self-experiment confirmed the infection path of the pathogen in principle. [431] 

175 Sporozoite of a piasmodium (a), ring-forms and gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum in human blood (b), and a micrograph of a placenta from a stillbirth due to maternal malaria. (Haematoxylin and eosin stain) (c). Red blood cells are anuclear blue/black staining In bright red structures (red blood cells) Indicate foreign nuclei from the parasites. 

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