The history of Clock Spring

Maintaining a pipeline can be costly but can pale in comparison to the cost of a failure. Pipeline operators must balance maintenance costs with pipeline integrity. The purpose is not to save money but to attain a level of safety that is acceptable to the company and the public at a cost the company can afford. The pubhc, however, is gaining an ever-increasing voice in where the integrity level is set (Porter, 2000). 

Rehabilitation of Kpdines Dsing Fiber reinforced Polym RP) Composites. http //dx.doi.oi l0.1016/B978-0-85709-684-5.00006 0 

Rehabilitation of Pipelines Using Fiber-reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites 

The distinctions between different types of composites used for pipeline repair are important and must be understood to ensure the composite repair selected will meet the rigorous specifications demanded by sound engineering, testing, and analysis. 

An extensive field validation program is required by the DOT. This requirement was added to verify the laboratory results and to provide and to validate the real world behavior on actual pipelines. 

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