The Electronic Properties of Metal Solutions

THE ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF METAL SOLUTIONS IN LIQUID AMMONIA AND RELATED SOLVENTS... 

The Electronic Properties of Metal Solutions in Liquid Ammonia and Related Solvents... 

See reviews a) Edwards P.R, The electronic properties of metal solutions in liquid ammonia and related solvents, Adv. Inorg. Chem. Radiochem., i982,25, 135-185. b) Boag J.W., Pulse radiolysis a historical account of the discovery of the optical absorption spectrum of the hydrated electron, in Early developments in radiation chemistry", KrohJ. (Ed.), Royal Society ofChemistry, Cambridge, 1989, 7-20. 

Edwards,J. P., 1981, The electronic properties of metal solutions. Phys. Chem. Liq. 10 189-227... 

The electronic properties of CNTs, and especially their band structure, in terms of DOS, is very important for the interfacial electron transfer between a redox system in solution and the carbon electrode. There should be a correlation between the density of electronic states and electron-transfer reactivity. As expected, the electron-transfer kinetics is faster when there is a high density of electronic states with energy values in the range of donor and acceptor levels in the redox system [2]. Conventional metals (Pt, Au, etc.) have a large DOS in the electrochemical potential... 

The metal-solution interface as the locus of the deposition processes. This interface has two components a metal and an aqueous ionic solution. To understand this interface, it is necessary to have a basic knowledge of the structure and electronic properties of metals, the molecular structure of water, and the structure and properties of ionic solutions. The structure and electronic properties of metals are the subject matter of solid-state physics. The structure and properties of water and ionic solutions are (mainly) subjects related to chemical physics (and physical chemistry). Thus, to study and understand the structure of the metal-solution interface, it is necessary to have some knowledge of solid-state physics as well as of chemical physics. Relevant presentations of these subjects are given in Chapters 2 and 3. 

The physical properties of these intriguing systems have been studied in serious vein since the 1920s (111,164). At the present time, this interest continues unabated. In its more recent development, the multidisciplinary nature of metal-solution investigations has also spilled over into the wider fields of excess electrons in disordered media (38, 39, 99, 103). The recent Colloque Weyl V conference on metal-ammonia solutions and excess electrons in liquids (39) brought together almost 200 scientists from all disciplines. The present review... 

Fig. 4. The concentration dependence of various electronic properties of metal-ammonia solutions, (a) The ratio of electrical conductivity to the concentration of metal-equivalent conductance, as a function of metal concentration (240 K). [Data from Kraus (111).] (b) The molar spin (O) and static ( ) susceptibilities of sodium-ammonia solutions at 240 K. Data of Hutchison and Pastor (spin, Ref. 98) and Huster (static, Ref. 97), as given in Cohen and Thompson (37). The spin susceptibility is calculated at 240 K for an assembly of noninteracting electrons, including degeneracy when required (37).

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