The Discharge Plot

PROPERTIES OF ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY STORERS 13.16.1. The Discharge Plot... 

The discharge plot is a plot of the potential available from a cell versus the time during which it discharges. In the following diagrams, ideal and real plots are given. The ideal plot is based on the assumption that the electrode and reactions each occur at the same steady rate until the material on the plates, placed there in the charging process, is exhausted. Then the potential drops to zero (see Fig. 13.36). 

Value of the discharge coefficient C for a Herschel-type venturi meter depends upon the Reynolds number and to a minor extent upon the size of the venturi, increasing with diameter. A plot of C versus pipe Reynolds number is given in ASME PTC, op. cit., p. 19. A value of 0.984 can be used for pipe Reynolds numbers larger than 200,000. 

The Spencer blower in this example provides air to a drying process in a metal-coating line. Its configuration includes an end-suction inlet that is in-line with the shaft and a horizontal discharge that is perpendicular to the shaft. In this particular example, the source of the shaft deflection observed in the mode plot is aerodynamic instability. 

The discharge curve (Fig. 8) is another important feature of battery systems therefore the terminal voltage is plotted against the discharge capacity. For an ideal battery the terminal voltage drops to zero in a single step when the stored energy is completely consumed. 

Values of Q and h are plotted in Figure 8.49 and the discharge at the point of intersection between the pump characteristic equation and the line of the above equation is 0.0054 m3/s. 

Fig. 2.39. Na /K+ atomic ratios of well discharges plotted at measured downhole temperatures. Curve A is the least squares fit of the data points above 80°C. Curve B is another emperical curve (from Truesdell, 1976). Curves C and D show the approximate locations of the low albite-microcline and high albite-sanidine lines derived from thermodynamic data (from Fournier, 1981). Small solid subaerial geothermal water Solid square Okinawa Jade Open square South Mariana Through Solid circle East Pacific Rise 11°N Open circle Mid Atlantic Ridge, TAG.

The subtractive method was adapted from Horwitz [182], and is easiest in use. The principle is to measure the power delivered to the system, including the tuned matching network, in the case that the discharge is on (Ptot) and in the case that it is off, i.e. when the system is evacuated (Pvac)- with the constraint that in both cases Plot and Pvac are measured for the same electrode voltage Vpp. The matcher efficiency [181] or power transfer efficiency r]p [183] then is defined as... 

An attempt is made to keep the inductance as low as possible since this affects the mode of the discharge. There are two possible modes which can be obtained after flash generation. One, called the damped mode, has a current versus time plot similar to that shown in Figure 3.8. 

These absorptions may reflect the degree of crosslinking and/or the degree of degradation which is proportional to the amount of residual free radicals. The relative absorptions per thickness at 10.6 pm are plotted against the discharge frequency as shown in Fig. 5. The absorptions near 10 pm of the film formed in region HL... 

Fig. 11.20 Typical charge-discharge plot for the Li/VgOu cell (Abraham, Goldman and Dempsey, 1981).

Figure 15. Ragone plot for LiNio.5Mno.5O2 showing the capacity of the cathode as a function of the discharge current density (data from ref 258).

Equalization basins may be designed to equalize flow, concentrations, or both [27]. For flow equalization, the cumulative flow is plotted vs. time over the equalization period, which is usually 24 hours. The maximum volume above the constant-discharge line is the equalization volume required. The basin may also be sized to restrict the discharge to a maximum concentration of a critical pollutant. For example, if the maximum effluent from an activated sludge unit is 20 mg/L BOD5, the maximum allowable effluent from the equalization basin may be computed and thereby provide a basis for sizing the unit. Novotny and England [44]... 

Fig. 3.7. Illustrative plot to demonstrate the way in which the shape of the etched wall profile can be influenced by introducing a fluorine-deflciency in the discharge, in this example by adding hydrogen (see text for discussion)...

This equation was obtained by fitting a curve to the plotted values of Cd for a great many experiments and is purely empirical. Capillarity is accounted for by the second term, while velocity of approach (assumed to be uniform) is responsible for the last term. Rehbock s formula has been found to be accurate within 0.5% for values of Z of 0.33 to 3.3 ft and for values of H of 0.08 to 2.0 ft with the ratio H/Z not greater than 1.0. It is even valid for greater ratios than 1.0 if the bottom of the discharge channel is lower than that of the approach channel, so that backwater does not affect the head. 

The centrifugal compressor is a machine that converts the momentum of gas into a pressure head. The compressor pressure ratio (PD/P,) varies inversely with mass flow (W). For a compressor running at constant speed (co), constant inlet temperature (Tj), and constant molecular weight, the discharge pressure may be plotted against mass flow (Curve I in... 

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