Tetracyclines urinary tract infections

Another group of compounds, the tetracyclines, are made by fermentation procedures or by chemical modifications of the natural product. The hydrochloride salts are used most commonly for oral administration and are usually encapsulated because of their bitter taste. Controlled catalytic hydrogenolysis of chlortetracycline, a natural product, selectively removes the 7-chloro atom and produces tetracycline. Doxycycline and minocycline are other important antibacterials. Tetracycline can be prescribed for people allergic to penicillin. Doxycycline prevents traveler s diarrhea. Tetracyclines help many infections including Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease, urinary tract infections, bronchitis, amoebic dysentery, and acne. 

Certain antimicrobial agents used to treat urinary tract infections act better in acidic pH i.e. nitrofurantoin, tetracycline, methenamine, cloxacillin. Certain other antimicrobial agents such as gentamicin, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, cotri-... 

Tetracyclines are classified as broad-spectrum antibiotics obtained from soil acti-nomycetes. All tetracyclines are slightly bitter solids and are weakly soluble in water. Although tetracyclines develop organism resistance, they are the drugs of first choice in venereal disease, atypical pneumonia, cholera, brucellosis, and plague. Tetracyclines also are used in urinary tract infections, amebiasis, acne, and as prophylaxis against meningitis. 

Correct answer = A. Most urinary tract infections are due to E. coii and can usually be treated with cotrimoxazole. However, this patient is near term and the sulfa in the cotrimoxazole might put the infant at risk due to kernicterus. Thus, the first generation cephalosporin, cefadroxil, is appropriate since it would be effective orally against penicillinase producing E. coii. Ceftriaxone, while it would be effective, would have to be administered parenterally. Penicillin V is not effective against E. coii. Tetracycline deposits in teeth and skeleton of the fetus and is contraindicated. 

Tetracyclines are the first broad-spectrum antibiotic used to impede the growth of gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Tetracyclines are prescribed for acne vulgaris, actinomycosis, anthrax, bronchitis, and urinary tract infections. Demeclocycline, a member of the tetracycline family, is also prescribed for syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Demeclocycline inhibits water-induced reabsorption in the kidneys. 

Tetracyclines Tetracycline Doxycycline Minocycline These agents have been effective for initial episodes of urinary tract infections however, resistance develops rapidly, and their use is limited. These agents also lead to candidal overgrowth. They are useful primarily for chlamydial infections. 

Tetracyclines are effective in the treatment of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, murine typhus, recrudescent epidemic typhus, scrub typhus, Q fever, lymphogranuloma venereum, psittacosis, tularemia, brucellosis, gonorrhea, certain urinary tract infections, granuloma inguinale, chancroid, syphilis, and disease due to Bacteroides and Clostridium. 

Cystitis is a condition where urinary tract bacterial infection is presented. Products recommended as first-line of treatment include amoxicillin, oral cephalosporin, trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin. Doxycycline is a tetracycline antibacterial agent whereas itraconazole is an antifungal agent. 

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