Test chambers furniture

Formaldehyde as a pollutant in the indoor air is usually connected with the use of formaldehyde based resins in e.g. building materials and in furniture. This article presents measurements of the formaldehyde emission from various products containing urea-formaldehyde (UF) or phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins. The emission from all test objects have been measured in a ventilated test chamber at the standardized testing atmosphere 23 C, 50 % RH according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The emission from woodbased panels and other materials have been measured at a loading factor of 1.0 m /m and at an air change rate of 1.0 h . ... 

Figure 1.9-1. Concentration vs time profile for the emission of DEGME from a water-based lacquer system for furniture coating. The substrate was particle board covered with oak veneer. Test chamber conditions 23 °C, 45 % rel. humidity, 1 h air exchange, Im /m loading (Fuhrmann and Salthammer, 1998).

Table 3.3-4. Test chamber concentrations for different types of furniture coating. The substrates are given in parentheses.

Figure 3.3-4. Concentration vs time profiles for emission of selected VOCs from coated surfaces and cabinet furniture. A limonene (ECO, painting) B tripropyleneglycol diacrylate (UV-cured, roller coating) C benzophenone (UV-cured, roller coating) D l-butanol-3-methoxy-acetate (NC, spray coating). The upper and lower curves in C and D represent cabinet air and chamber air, respectively. The test chamber conditions were T =23 °C, r.h. = 45 %, V = 1.0 h L = 1.0 rrfixtf.

Salthammer T. (1996b) VOC emissions from cabinet furnitures. Comparison of concentrations in the test chamber and in the cabinet. In Yoshizawa S., Kimura K., Ikeda K., Tanabe S. and Iwata T. (eds) Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Indoor Air and Climate, Vol. 3, 567-572, Nagoya. 

Finished products are tested in a 30-m test chamber using an appropriate igniting source for the particular product. When a bed, chair, or other piece of furniture is burning in the test procedure, the temperature vs, time and the smoke density vs. time curves, the carbon monoxide concentrations, and the radiating heat fluxes are determined at several sites of the test chamber. The primary goal of this measurement is to ascertain the time available for escaping from the room. ... 

Emissions of solvents from wood products are described imder various conditions, e.g. indoor air emissions from furniture or emissions in test chambers. Solvents can be emitted as primary or reactive products of the wood product or the coating system solvents can also be investigated as secondary emission products. The emission characteristics depend on solvent properties and surrounding conditions, e.g., air velocity and air exchange rate. ... 

A specific test method has been developed for determining the VOC and odorant concentration of coated surfaces," "" as shown schematically in Figure 17.1.10. Similar to formaldehyde determination, sample testing is done using a test chamber approach. After some atmospheric conditioning, of the varnished furniture, the samples are stored in a test chamber (typically 1 m ) xmder the following conditions 23°C 0.5 45 3% relative... 

Furnishing. The formaldehyde level in a room at actual conditions depends on several factors, and is not an arithmetical sum of various sources (10), (11). In order to estimate the contribution of formaldehyde emission from single pieces of furniture the test objects have been exposed in area to air volume proportions to which they can be found in a small room or a kitchen. The assumption that the formaldehyde level in the chamber and in the actual room is the same, is based on a theoretical model originally developed for particle boards (4). At constant climate the emission from a test object is determined of the relation between the loading factor and the air change rate. 

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