Terrestrial detritus

Fig. 11-12 Detrital carbon dynamics for the 0-20 cm layer of chernozem grassland soil. Carbon pools (kg C/ m ) and annual transfers (kg C/m per year) are indicated. Total profile content down to 20 cm is 10.4 kg C/m. (Reproduced with permission from W. H. Schlesinger (1977). Carbon balance in terrestrial detritus, Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 8,51-81, Annual Reviews, Inc.)...

Schlesinger, W. H. (1977). Carbon balance in terrestrial detritus. Ann. Ecol. Syst. 8, 51-81. 

Reid DJ, Quinn GP, Lake PS et al (2008) Terrestrial detritus supports the food webs in lowland intermittent streams of south-eastern Australia a stable isotope study. Freshw Biol 53 2036-2050... 

Most of the organic matter in seawater was created in situ by marine processes and is, hence, classified as autochthonous. Organic matter of nonmarine origin is classified as allochthonous and is primarily terrestrial detritus, transported by rivers or winds. The input of organic matter from rivers is small (0.4 Pg C/y) compared to primary productivity (40 to 50 Pg C/y). The aeolian input is unknown but thought to be significant. 

Terrestrial Detritus. Variability in ecosystem response to fertilization may be attributed in part to the interaction of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. In contrast to the many aquatic ecosystems in which higher trophic levels are fueled almost entirely by organic matter originating in the water column, other systems are driven by inputs of particulate and dissolved organic matter from land. The importance of this land-water interaction in regulating system metabolism has been obvious to stream ecologists for some... 

Figure 4. Time course of labeling of POM (particulate organic matter, primarily phytoplankton) with tracer additions of15N in the fertilized and control sides of Lake N2. The solid line represents the predicted labeling, given the turnover time of phytoplankton. Terrestrial detritus remained unlabeled throughout the...

Analyses of carbon isotopic composition were performed as an independent measure of potential food sources for zooplankton. The 813C values of terrestrial detritus and of littoral zone emergents such as Carex ranged from -26.0 to -29.2%o (Table I 49, 92). By comparison, the zooplankton were quite depleted in 13C their 813C values were more similar to phytoplankton and ranged from -32.1%o in Daphnia to -41.0%o in Cyclops (Table I). 

Use of DOM and Terrestrial Detritus. The importance of terrestrially derived organic matter (dissolved and particulate) to zooplankton... 

Cranwell, P.A. (1981) Diagenesis of free and bound lipids in terrestrial detritus in a lacustrine sediment. Org. Geochem. 3, 79-89. 

By far the highest concentrations, especially of AHTN, were detected in sediments near the river mouth at sites 3 and 1. These are also the only sites where AHMI was detectable. In this area, the supply of polycyclic musks is relatively low because of a low population density (Fig. 2). Hence, particularly favourable conditions for the accumulation of suspended particulate matter from upstream areas must be the reason for this pattern. This could be due to three factors i) low flow velocity, ii) high input of terrestrial detritus and, thus, large supply of suspended particulate matter for adsorption of contaminants, and iii) input of highly contaminated particles which were transported from the upper reaches of the river. 

For incubation with air, the phosphate, DOP, and TDP fluxes varied from -0.043 to A).001, A).068 to 0.001, and -0.071 to -0.042 mmol/(m -d), respectively, which showed that phosphorus moved from water to sediment. In the incubation with N2, the fluxes of phosphate ranged from -0.003 to 0.063 mmol/(m d), indicating a transport from sediment to water. The fluxes of DOP and TDP varied from -0.036 to 0.087 and from -0.071 to 0.151 mmol/(m d), respectively, which indicated that they moved from sediment to water at stations A2 and E3, and in the opposite direction at stations El and G2 (Table 2.18). The sediments in the Bohai Sea are mainly terrestrial detritus, on average, composed of 71% clay, 23% silt, and 6% sand. Taking into account the sediment type, the geometric mean fluxes of phosphorus were calculated and shown in Table 2.18. The average fluxes of PO , DOP, and TDP... 

---