Tension lysimeters

Depending on factors such as watershed slope, depth of water table, antecedent soil moisture, and barriers to precipitation and throughfall infiltration, DOM from the forest floor and organic soil horizon can contribute a large flux of allochthonous DOM to surface waters. Soil solution for DOM analysis is typically collected with zero-tension lysimeters placed at the boundary between organic soil and mineral soil. 

Giesler, R., Lundstrom, U. S., and Grip, H. (1996). Comparison of soil solution chemistry assessment using zero-tension lysimeters or centrifugation. Eur.J. Soil Sci. 47(3), 395—405. 

Haines, B. L., Waide, J. B., and Todd, R. L. (1982). Soil solution nutrient concentrations sampled with tension and zero-tension lysimeters Report of discrepancies. Soil Sci. Soc. Am.J. 46, 658-661. 

Wenzel, W. W., Sletten, R. S., Brandstetter, A., Wieshammer, G., and Stingeder, G. (1997). Adsorption of trace metals by tension lysimeters Nylon membrane vs. porous ceramic cup. J. Environ. Qual. 26(5), 1430—1434. 

In the secondary lands of Paragominas, we have measured the soil solution concentrations from tension lysimeters at 0.25, 3.0, and 7.0 m. Tension lysimeters tend to collect soil waters that have Infiltrated slowly through the soil profile and are in more intimate contact with soil minerals. For our elements of interest, P and K, there is a general decrease in the concentration of these elements with depth (Table 9.3). At 7.0 m depth, soil solution concentrations are less than or equivalent to those input in bulk... 

T - tension lysimeter, the numbers indicate the soil depth for each collection in cm. 

Sources Lago Calado fixjm Williams et al., 1997, Table 12.1. The sampling depth was at 0.5m, the sampling device was a zero-tension lysimeter. Reserva Ducke from Nortcliff and Thornes, 1978, Table IV, average of upper site and lower site. Soil water was sampled at a tension of 600mb. 

MacDonald. J. D., Belanger, N.. and Hendershot W. H. (2004a). Column leaching using dry soil to estimate solid-solution partitioning observed in zero-tension lysimeters, 1 Method development. Soil Sediment Contam. 13, 361-374. 

McAUister RA (1969) Observations on the foUn-ciocalteu reaction. J Med Lab Technol 26 1-10 Mohney BK, Matz T, LaMoreaux J, Wilcox DS, Gimsing AL, Mayer P, Weidenhamer ID (2009) In situ silicone tube microextraction a new method for undisturbed sampling of root exuded thiophenes from marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) in soil. J Chem Ecol 35 1279-1287 Neary AJ, Tomassini F (1985) Preparation of alundum/ceramic plate tension lysimeters for soil water collection. Can J Soil Sci 65 169-177... 

Pump collection Bottle (e.g., Niskin) Biological net sampler In situ plate collection Porous cup (in soils) (Tension-free) Lysimeter (in soils)... 

Soil solutions were obtained from 1985 to 1988 in a 0.02-ha plot at 400 m elevation (southeastern aspect) within the Little Turkey Lake snowmelt-runoff study site (basin 30). During the snow-free period, piping water and percolating water (saturated flow) were collected, but no more frequently than every second week, from below the forest floor (F horizon) and within the effective rooting zone (30 cm depth) with four to six (15 by 30 cm) plastic tension-free lysimeters (Jordan 1968). 

Ion fluxes were calculated as the product of concentration and measured solution volumes (or estimated volume for mineral-soil solutions). Estimated solution volumes at basin 31 were calculated according to the water-balance equation (Thornthwaite and Mather 1957). Annual fluxes were not estimated at basin 30 because of the infrequency of collection by tension-free lysimeters during the growing season. The data was summarized on the basis of a water year from 1 November to 31 October to accomodate snowpack accumulation and snowmelt in the same period. 

Jordan, C.F. 1968. A simple tension-free lysimeter. Soil Sci. 105 81-86. 

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