Temporal kinetics

LENS Listed under Temporal Kinetics Calculations. 

Lipskaia, L., Lompre, A.M., 2004, Alteration in temporal kinetics of Ca2+ signaling and control of growth and proliferation. Biol Cell 96, 55—68. 

In accordance with the tri-level scheme of antagonist testing, the potency, efficacy, molecular mode of antagonism, and temporal kinetics of antagonists can be determined. In the final analysis, it is important to determine... 

In drug delivery, injectable systems can be administered systemically or topically, producing dosage forms that can have an extended circulation (dispersed systems) or provide a localized reservoir of an active ingredient (depot systems). Different combinations of route of administration and physical nature of the formulation can be used to spatially (biodistribution) and temporally (kinetics of release) control the concentration of the active principle and thus its bioavailability. For example, the characteristics of the administration (e.g. subcutaneous or intravenous) and the size of the carrier (e.g. capable or not of... 

We now consider how one extracts quantitative infonnation about die surface or interface adsorbate coverage from such SHG data. In many circumstances, it is possible to adopt a purely phenomenological approach one calibrates the nonlinear response as a fiinction of surface coverage in a preliminary set of experiments and then makes use of this calibration in subsequent investigations. Such an approach may, for example, be appropriate for studies of adsorption kinetics where the interest lies in die temporal evolution of the surface adsorbate density N. ... 

Another variation is the mode-locked dye laser, often referred to as an ultrafast laser. Such lasers offer pulses having durations as short as a few hundred femtoseconds (10 s). These have been used to study the dynamics of chemical reactions with very high temporal resolution (see Kinetic LffiASURELffiNTS). 

A numerical study of the MMEP kinetics, as described by the system of nonlinear differential equations (26), subject to mass conservation (Eq. (27)), has been carried out [64] for a total number of 1000 monomers and different initial MWDs. As expected, and in contrast to the case of wormlike micelles, it has been found that during relaxation to a new equilibrium state the temporal MWD does not preserve its exponential form. 

A measure of the actual amount of drug in the body can be obtained from the area under the curve of the temporal concentration curve (calculated by integration). Interestingly, the temporal behavior of a drug can be extremely important in therapeutics. For example, consider three preparations of a drug that present identical values for area under the curve (i.e., amount of drug absorbed) but have different kinetics of absorption (Figure 8.23). As shown, preparation B produces a useful profile whereby the concentration exceeds the minimal effective concentration... 

Hawkes, E.R., S. Sankaran, J.C. Sutherland, and J.H. Chen, Scalar mixing in direct numerical simulations of temporally-evolving plane jet flames with detailed CO/Hj kinetics. Proc. Combust. Inst., 2007. 31 1633-1640. 

The kinetics study [38] utilized a Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer to measure the pathway branching ratios. The ability to eject selected masses and the extremely high mass resolution of this technique ensured that the observed CD3CH2 was in fact a primary product of the reaction. Temporal profiles from this reaction are shown in Fig. 1. Noticeably absent from the mass spectrum are the cations C2D2H3 and... 

The spatio-temporal variations of the concentration field in turbulent mixing processes are associated wdth very different conditions for chemical reactions in different parts of a reactor. This scenario usually has a detrimental effect on the selectivity of reactions when the reaction time-scale is small compared with the mixing time-scale. Under the same conditions (slow mixing), the process times are increased considerably. Due to mass transfer inhibitions, the true kinetics of a reaction does not show up instead, the mixing determines the time-scale of a process. This effect is known as mixing masking of reactions [126]. 

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