Temperature Standard ground

For dehydration, place the platinum (nickel) crucible with the prepared salt ( 5 g) into a test tube with a standard ground-glass joint (Fig. 63). Preliminarily weigh the crucible and the salt with an accuracy up to 0.01 g. Connect the test tube to a vacuum system. Evacuate it (10- mmHg) first at room temperature during 10-20 min, and then at 150 °C on an oil bath or a bath with Wood s alloy. Dehydrate the substance up to a constant mass. Calculate the composition of the product according to the change in its mass. 

For controlling the temperature of baths or flowing liquids and of various portions of an apparatus (such as column jackets, tube heaters, etc.) contact thermometers are largely used they are obtainable with standard ground joints (e.g., NS 14.5). Contact thermometers can be obtained either with contacts set to definite temperatures or with variable temperature. In the variable type (Fig. 366) the upper thermometer scale is used to set the required temperature, while the lower one carries the electrical contact. A contact thermometer with a spiral bulb with a large surface area (Fig. 367a)... 

The quantization of this well is a standard problem and we assume that either there is only one bound state (s level) or that this ground s state is the only one which is appreciably populated at room temperatures. The ground state energy Eq of a proton of mass M is the solution of... 

Refractoriness. Refractoriaess is determined by several methods. The pyrometric cone equivalent (PCE) test (ASTM C24) measures the softening temperature of refractory materials. Inclined trigonal pyramids (cones) are formed from finely ground materials, set on a base, and heated at a specific rate. The time and temperature (heat treatment) requited to cause the cone to bend over and touch the base is compared to that for standard cones. 

Cocoa beans are sometimes evaluated in the laboratory to distinguish and characterize flavors. Beans are roasted at a standardized temperature for a specific period of time, shelled, usually by hand, and ground or heated slightly to obtain chocolate Hquor. The Hquor s taste is evaluated by a panel of... 

Enclosed flares are composed of multiple gas burner heads placed at ground level in a staeklike enclosure that is usually refractory or ceramic lined. Many flares are equipped with automatic damper controls that regulate the supply of combustion air depending on temperature which is monitored upstream of the mixing, but inside the staek. This class of flare is becoming the standard in the industry due to its ability to more effectively eontrol emissions. Requirements on emissions includes carbon monoxide limits and minimal residence time and temperature. Exhaust gas temperatures may vary from 1,000 to 2,000 F. 

In this reaction 1 mole of bromate yields six atoms of bromine. Bromine is very volatile, and hence such operations should be conducted at as low a temperature as possible and in conical flasks fitted with ground-glass stoppers. The excess of bromine may be determined iodometrically by the addition of excess of potassium iodide and titration of the liberated iodine with standard thiosulphate solution ... 

Bench-Scale Reactor. The bench-scale reactor is 0.81 in. i.d. and 48 in. long. The nominal feed gas rate for this unit is 30 standard cubic feet per hour (scfh) the feed gas is supplied from premixed, high-pressure gas cylinders. Except for reaction temperature, the bench-scale unit is substantially manually operated and controlled. The catalysts used in these studies were standard commercial methanation catalysts ground to a 16-20 mesh size which is compatible with the small reactor diameter. 

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