Temperature effect on stability

The quantification of temperature effects on surface charging has been discussed in Section 3,IV, and many problems and limitations considered in that section concern also specific adsorption. Interpretation of temperature effects on specific adsorption is even more complex, e.g. due to the discussed above complicated solution chemistry, which is also temperature dependent. While literature data relevant to speciation of solutions involving hydrolyzable cations and/or weak acids at one temperature (usually 20°C or 25°C) are readily available [22], the information on temperature effects on stability constants of water soluble complexes is rather incomplete. 

Kaanane, A., Kane, D., and Labuza, T.P. 1988. Time and temperature effect on stability of Moroccan processed orange juice during storage. J. Food Sci. 53, 1470-1473, 1489. 

Table 6 Temperature Effect on Thermal Destruction of Polyethylene Stabilized by Fiberglass of Varying Alkalinity...

D.T. Nguyen, M. Smit, B. Dunn, and J.I. Zink, Stabilization of creatine kinase encapsulated in silicate sol-gel materials and unusual temperature effects on its activity. Chem. Mater. 14, 4300-4308 (2002). 

On the other hand, since most of these reactions are thermally activated, their kinetics are accelerated by the rise in temperature in an Arrhenius-like manner. Therefore, within a much shorter time scale, the adverse effect of these reactions could become rather significant during the storage or operation of the cells at elevated temperatures. In this sense, the long-term and the thermal stability of electrolytes can actually be considered as two independent issues that are closely intertwined. The study of temperature effects on electrolyte stability is made necessary by the concerns over the aging of electrolytes in lithium-based devices, which in practical applications are expected to tolerate certain high-temperature environments. The ability of an electrolyte to remain operative at elevated temperatures is especially important for applications that are military/space-related or traction-related (e.g., electric or hybrid electric vehicles). On the other hand, elevated tem-... 

Temperature effect on ion-radical stability and the very possibility of ion-radical organic reactions have already been discussed in the preceding chapters. Flowever, one topic of the problem deserves a special consideration, namely, the effect of solvent temperature on dynamics of IRPs. In a definite sense, IRPs are species close to CTCs. As known, the lower the medium temperature, the higher is the stability of CTCs. And what about IRPs ... 

Temperature and pH effects on hemopexin, its domains, and the respective heme complexes have also been examined using absorbance and CD spectroscopy, which reflect stability of the heme iron-bis-histidyl coordination of hemopexin and of the conformation of protein, rather than overall thermodynamic unfolding of the protein. Using these spectral methods to follow temperature effects on hemopexin stability yielded results generally comparable to the DSC findings, but also revealed interesting new features (Fig. 14) (N. Shipulina et al., unpublished). Melting experiments showed that apo-hemopexin loses tertiary... 

Selected entries from Methods in Enzymology [vol, page(s)] Theory, 63, 340-352 measurement, 63, 365 cryosolvent [catalytic effect, 63, 344-346 choice, 63, 341-343 dielectric constant, 63, 354 electrolyte solubility, 63, 355, 356 enzyme stability, 63, 344 pH measurements, 63, 357, 358 preparation, 63, 358-361 viscosity effects, 63, 358] intermediate detection, 63, 349, 350 mixing techniques, 63, 361, 362 rapid reaction techniques, 63, 367-369 temperature control, 63, 363-367 temperature effect on catalysis, 63, 348, 349 temperature effect on enzyme structure, 63, 348. 

The decrease in the amount of complex with increasing temperature in Fig. 9 is qualitatively in accordance with the temperature effect on the complex formation shown in Figs. 7 and 8, except that the temperature effect appears even below 20 "C in Fig 5 while in Fig 9 the decrease in the amount of complex only begins at 20 °C. This exception may arise from the dependence of the stability of the complex on the soaking temperature. The stress relaxation data for these specimens measured in water, shown in Fig. 10, are useful to study the reason why the amount of complex begins to decrease at about 20 °C. The data in Fig. 10 were obtained under 20% extension and the same heating conditions as in Fig 9. Although the stress values are quite different between two specimens... 

We should point out that the temperature effects on emission intensity and photocurrent are completely reversible. Although this result suggests that electrode stability obtains over the duration of the experiments, the properties measured may not be very sensitive to variations in surface or near-surface composition. There is now considerable evidence, in fact, that surface reorganization processes do occur in CdS- and CdSe- based PECs in polychalcogenide electrolytes (17, 21-26). In particular, the occurrence of such an exchange reaction for CdS Te in polyselenide electrolyte would yield CdSe to whose lower band gap... 

The Effect of Temperature Conditioning on Stability and Sensitivity Characteristics and the Chemical Composition of Ml and M6 Propellants Manufactured with Crude or Refined Dinitro-toluene , PATR 4841 (1975) (limited distrib)... 

Temperature effect on reduction of friction. Thermal stabilities of molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphates (MoDDP) are much lower (below 180 °C) than those of the corresponding MoDTC, 300°C. The type of ZDDP must also... 

An increase in the stability of this alkenylsilver reagent can be effected through coordination. Both triethylamine and 2,2 -dipyridyl had a remarkable effect on stability, whereby deposition of metallic silver from solution occurred only slowly at room temperature.62... 

Figure 25 shows the annealing temperature effect on the thermal stability factor KuV /kBT [49] and anisotropy field Hk for the FePt C films with 45 vol. %C. Hk was calculated from Ho = 0.48 Hk, Ho was obtained from the Sharock fitting parameter. Hk increases rapidly with annealing temperature TA between 600 and 625 °C, then increases slowly and to saturation for TA > 625 °C. KuV /kBT increases linearly with TA except for the point at 675 °C that might be caused by either experimental error or the activation volume V being unusually small. Since Ka would be constant after the completion of L 0 ordering, the further increase of KuV /kBT with Ta is mainly due to the increase of V. As shown in Fig. 26, Ku is about 1.2 x 107 erg/cm3 for TA > 625 °C V increases slowly initially and then increases more rapidly with TA, which results in the quasi-linear increase of KuV /kBT.

De, S., and Robinson, D. H. (2004), Particle size and temperature effect on the physical stability of PLGA nanospheres and microspheres containing Bodipy, AAPS Pharm. Sci. Tech., 5(4), e53. 

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