Tazarotene

Tazarotene is a synthetic retinoid that mediates cell differentiation and proliferation [19]. Tazarotene, a pro-drug of tazarotenic acid,has recently been proven effective as a treatment for photodamaged skin [11]. 

In general, retinoids are also well tolerated in darker skin types however, retinoid dermatitis may cause post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. In addition, progressive hyperpigmenta- 

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The development of ligands selective for individual receptor subtypes relevant to a targeted disease could decrease these toxic effects thereby improving the therapeutic index. Two new arotinoids are already available for topical use in skin diseases. These are tazarotenic acid (tazarotene) and 6-[3-(l-adamanty 1)-... 

Tazarotene (Table 1) is an acetylenic third generation retinoid derivative. It is a poorly absorbed, nonisome-risable arotinoid, which is rapidly metabolized to its free carboxylic acid, tazarotenic acid, binding with high affinity to RARs, with the rank order of affinity being... 

C2H3CIO 75-36-5) see Acebutolol Acetiamine Acetylcholine chloride L-Alanine Benfurodil hemisuccinate . Chlorprothixene Flumetasone Ibuprofen lotalamic acid loxitalamic acid Levodopa Methestrol dipropionate Midecamycin acetate Naproxen Nimesulide Paclitaxel Paramethasone Phensuximide Retinol Rocuronium bromide Rofecoxib Ropinirole Tazarotene Thiopropazate Tiracizine Vecuronium bromide... 

CgH( S 108-98-5) see Doxycycline Nelfinavir mesylate Quetiapine fumarale Tazarotene... 

Retinoids (i.e., tretinoin and tazarotene) mediate cellular responses primarily through activation of nuclear retinoid receptors [rr]. There are two types of nuclear retinoic acid receptors the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and the retinoid X receptors. Each type of receptor contains three receptor subtypes alpha, beta, and gamma [rr, 11]. Among the commonly prescribed retinoids, tretinoin activates the RARs alpha, beta, and gamma directly, and the retinoid X receptors indirectly (through conversion of tretinoin to 9-cis-retinoic acid) [rr, 13]. Conversely,... 

Broad spectrmn sunscreens Retinoids Tretinoin Tazarotene Retinol... 

Kang S, Leyden JJ, Lowe NJ, et al (2001) Tazarotene cream for the treatment of facial photodamage. Arch Dermatol 137 1597-1604... 

Chandraratna RAS (1996) Tazarotene first of a new generation of receptor-selective retinoids. Br J Dermatol 135 18-25... 

PUVA) monotherapy, tacalcitol plus PUVA and tazarotene plus PUVA in patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 147 748-753... 

Sefton J, Kligman AM, Kopper SC, Lue JC, Gibson JR (2004) Photodamage pilot study a double-blind, vehicle-controlled study to assess the efficacy and safety of tazarotene 0.1% gel. J Am Acad Dermatol 43 656-663... 

Grimes PE, Callender VD (2003) Tazarotene cream 0.1% in the treatment of facial post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation associated with acne vulgaris a two-center, double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled study. Poster presentation at the 61st Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology, San Francisco, CA, March 21-26,2003... 

Topical therapy is the initial drug treatment strategy for patients with mild to moderate psoriasis. It is estimated that approximately 70% to 80% of all patients with psoriasis can he treated adequately with use of topical therapy.1 Topical therapies include corticosteroids, coal tar products, anthralin, vitamin D3 analogues such as calcipotriol, retinoids such as tazarotene, and topical immunomodulators such as tacrolimus and pime-crolimus.18 Vitamin D3 analogues and topical retinoids all affect keratinocyte functions and the immune response. Currently, these are in wider use than is either anthralin or coal tar preparations. 

Retinoids, which are highly effective in the treatment of acne, stimulate epithelial cell turnover and aid in unclogging blocked pores. Retinoids also exhibit anti-inflammatory properties through the inhibition of neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis.8 Because of these comedolytic and antiinflammatory effects, topical retinoids are recommended as first-line treatment for mild to moderate comedonal and inflammatory acne.3 While success is seen with monotherapy, using a retinoid in combination with benzoyl peroxide or topical antibacterials is also an appropriate and effective therapeutic treatment option.3 Tretinoin, adapalene, and tazarotene are topical retinoids available for use in the treatment of acne. Table 62-2 describes the strengths and formulations of these agents. 

Tazarotene Tazorac 0.05% and 0.1 % cream 0.05% and 0.1% gel Apply a small amount once daily before bedtime Same as tretinoin but may be more severe... 

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