Tailoring hypothesis

It is difficult to even imagine a convincing biochemical explanation of the virtual equivalence of different types of antidepressants. The tailoring hypothesis (the idea that the right... 

Although the tailoring hypothesis does not fit the data, there is another hypothesis that works just fine. It is the idea that antidepressants are active placebos. That is, they are active drugs, complete with chemically induced side effects, but their therapeutic effects are based on the placebo effect rather than their chemical composition. Their small advantage in clinical trials derives from the production of side effects, which leads patients to realize that they have been given the active drug, thereby increasing their expectancy for improvement. 

The scale in chaotic laminar mixing goes down from the machine scale to a scale where the continuum hypothesis breaks down and phenomena are dominated by physical effects, due to intermolecular forces, such as van der Waals. Danescu and Zumbrunnen (21) and Zumbrunnen and Chibber (22) took advantage of this and devised an ingenious device to create controlled three-dimensional chaotic flows, with which they were able to tailor the morphology and properties of blend films and composites. 

The experimental support for the verification of the hypothesis will require a long time. For testing it, another way is to suppose that it is true and examine its implications [12], Three points were considered. If it is true (i) for given experimental conditions, the use of diamines, too large for ensuring the three dimensional connection of the SBU, must lead to lamellar solids, the sheets being built up from the connection of the expected SBU. This was realized with ULM-8 [62] (ii) with a proper choice of the geometry, the acidobasic characteristics and the reactivity of an amine, it may be possible to synthesize tailor-made solids. The first success concerned ULM-16 [24] which used two amines, one for structure... 

Solvent mixtures provide an alternative tailoring process. Theoretically, the combination of two solvents located on opposite sides of a region of enhanced solubility should result in a mixture more effective than either solvent individually. A mixture of toluene and DMF was used to test this hypothesis and as expected, the blend is more effective as it dissolves 91.3% of the A-2A0 compared to approximately 87% by either solvent individually. The Insolubles from this extraction form a fine domained mesophase when heated to 375 C. 

In the last year or two there has been a tendency to assume that whereas the normal healthy cortex regularly uses ascorbic acid for the synthesis of its hormones, it can, at a pinch (e.g., in scurvy) get on without it—probably by using something else in its place (e.g., glutathione). This is a striking example of the unscientific method at work the tailoring of the facts to fit an established theory. In the writer s opinion the present facts require a fresh hypothesis. 

Tailor-made additives can also be used to template a particular face by nucleation at the air-water interface modified with a carefully selected monolayer. An example, once again, is the crystallization of a-glycine. The hypothesis for this work was that the R-a-amino acids should induce the (010) face in the glycine crystals while the 5-isomer should induce the (010) face, and indeed this was found to be the case. Nucleation under monolayers (or Langmuir... 

The high aspect ratio of nanorods can facilitate charge transport, while the handgap can he tuned by vaiying the nanorod radius. This enables the absorption spectmm of the devices to be tailored to overlap with the solar emission spectmm, whereas traditionally polymer absorption has been limited to only a small fraction of the incident solar irradiation. At present, the nanorods in polymer solar cells are typically incorporated into a homopolymer matrix. An alternative to this approach is to incorporate the nanorods into either a polymer blend or diblock copolymer system. The photovoltaic properties of nanorod polymer composites could potentially be improved due to the percolation of nanorods, and the presence of continual electrical pathways, from the DA interfaces to the electrodes. To test this hypothesis, we use the distribution of nanorods from the self-assembled stmcture in Figure 1(b) as the input into a drift-diffusion model of polymer photovoltaics. 

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