Laminar mixing chaotic

Turbulent flow, by means of the chaotic eddy motion associated with velocity fluctuation, is conducive to rapid mixing and, therefore, is the preferred flow regime for mixing. Laminar mixing is carried out when high viscosity makes turbulent flow impractical. 

The scale in chaotic laminar mixing goes down from the machine scale to a scale where the continuum hypothesis breaks down and phenomena are dominated by physical effects, due to intermolecular forces, such as van der Waals. Danescu and Zumbrunnen (21) and Zumbrunnen and Chibber (22) took advantage of this and devised an ingenious device to create controlled three-dimensional chaotic flows, with which they were able to tailor the morphology and properties of blend films and composites. 

W. L. Chien, H. Rising, and J. M. Ottino, Laminar Mixing and Chaotic Mixing in Several Cavity Flows, J. Fluid Mech., 170, 335 (1986)... 

Mixing elements Mixing kinematics Mixing rules (rheological) 483, 571 Mixing, chaotic/laminar 578-582, 640, 643 Mixing, dispersive... 

Raynal, F. and Gence, J.-N. (1997) Energy savings in chaotic laminar mixing. ItU. J. Heat Mass Tmn, 40,... 

Chen, W.-L., Rising, H., and Ottino, J.M. (1986) Laminar mixing and chaotic mixing in several cavity flows. J. Fluid Medi., 170, 355. 

Gabriel A., Fernando M.J. Chaotic flow in laminar mixing in stirred vessels. Sixth International Symposium on Mixing in Industrial Processes, 2008 17(21) l-3. 

The basic text on laminar mixing and the relation to chaotic dynamical systems is... 

Although we have suggested a connection between chaos and laminar mixing, we have not established it formally. Two important properties of chaotic systems make them excellent candidates to mix in laminar conditions ... 

The notion of complex, chaotic motion linked to simple dynamical systems is certainly not new. Aref introduced a set of ideas that led to major research efforts now spanning almost two decades (Aref, 1984). His main contribution was to incorporate concepts of dynamical systems theory to fluid mechanics, specifically in the context of laminar mixing. He was able to demonstrate that... 

PHYSICS OF CHAOTIC FLOWS APPLIED TO LAMINAR MIXING... 

The real power of using stretching computations to characterize chaotic flows lies in the fact that stretching is the link between the macro- and micromixing intensities in laminar mixing flows. In this section we describe the method for computing striation thickness distribution in our 3D example, the Kenics mixer. 

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