Tadpoles behavior

Tongne flicking behavior of snakes in response to odors from small mammals Effects of bait type and location on trapping success with deer mice Food choices of Norway rats Tadpole behavior in the presence of predatory fish... 

Britson CA, Threlkeld ST. 1998. Abundance, metamorphosis, developmental, and behavioral abnormalities mHyla chrysoscelis tadpoles following exposure to three agrichemicals and methyl mercury in outdoor mesocosms. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 61 154-161. 

Lefcort, H., R.A. Meguire, L.H. Wilson, and W.F. Ettinger. 1998. Heavy metals alter the survival, growth, metamorphosis, and antipredatory behavior of Columbia spotted frog (Rana luteiventris) tadpoles. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 35 447-456. 

Steele, C.W., S. Strickler-Shaw, and D.H. Taylor. 1989. Behavior of tadpoles of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, in response to sublethal lead exposure. Aquat. Toxicol. 14 331-344. 

The secretions of toad tadpoles affect the behavior of predators. Largemouth bass, Micropterus salmonides, even when starved for 1 day, almost totally reject tadpoles of Bufo americanus (Fig. 10.6) and Bufo woodhousei. However, the himgrier they become, the more tadpoles they will eat. With increasing experience with these tadpoles, the bass take fewer into their mouths and spit more out. In choice experiments, they prefer tadpoles of the spring peeper, Hyla crucifer, to those of Bufo spp. (Kruse and Stone, 1984). 

Tadpoles of the two closely related frog species Rana lessonae and Rana esculenta respond more to chemical cues of their predator, the pike E. lucius, than to visual and tactile ones. The strongest swimming, resting, and edge-use behaviors - all considered antipredator responses - occurred to a combination of... 

The ideal solution would be a natural beetle predator. Well, one did exist. Word had come from Hawaii that a species of toad, bufo marinus had already earned the name cane toad for its ability to protect sugar cane by dining on grayback beetles. So, in 1935, Australia imported 102 cane toads from Hawaii to drive the pesky beetles out of town. The Australians made a special pond filled with beautiful water lilies to encourage the toads romantic behavior. The little creatures needed no encouragement, however, and soon the pond was alive with cane-toad tadpoles. When the toads matured, the cane growers deposited them in the cane fields, fully expecting the beetles to succumb to the toads voracious appetite. 

Feminella, J. W., and Hawkins, C. P., 1994, Tailed frog tadpoles differentially alter their feeding behavior in response to non-visual cues from four predators, J. N. Am. Benthol Soc. 13 310-320. 

Laurila, A., 2000, Behavioral responses to predator chemical cues and local variation in antipredator performance in remporarta tadpoles, 88 159-168. 

Brattstrom, B. H., 1962, Thermal control of aggregation behavior in tadpoles, Herpetologica, 18 38. 

O Hara, R. K., and Blaustein, A. R., 1982, Kin preference behavior in Bufo boreas tadpoles, Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., 11 43. 

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