Syringe Systems

Cyanoacrylates can be dispensed via a syringe system although care is required to ensure that the follower bung does not bond itself to the side walls of the syringe as the product is dispensed. Higher viscosity or gel products are generally more suited for 

Cyanoacrylates have been used in industry for many years with an excellent safety record. Vapour problems will not normally be of concern in a well ventilated working area, and can be eliminated with the use of low odour/low bloom cyanoacrylates. 

Cyanoacrylates will bond skin tissue very rapidly, but bonded skin can usually be relatively easily prised apart by subjecting the adhesive to a peel action rather than direct tension. Hot soapy water will help as well as proprietary hand cleansers. It should never normally be necessary to have to resort to drastic measures such as surgery. 

Dispensing equipment for production applications is available to ensure the correct quantity of adhesive is accurately applied (see Section 10.9.1). For batch production runs or development work the use of small containers fitted with fine bore needles is recommended. This will minimise the quantity of adhesive applied, thus giving thinner 

This section shows some typical applications where cyanoacrylates have been used to bond all types of rubber to an assortment of other substrates. It is important to note that each application has its own imique features, and that an adhesive which works well in one circumstance, may not necessarily be suitable in another. 

---

Figure 8.16 Gilson differential respirometer. The volume of any gas exchanged can be measured by altering the volume of the test flask using a calibrated syringe system (volumeter) until the original balance in pressure between the test and reference flasks is restored.

Controlled by the MS-MS software, the PE Series 200-micro LC pump operates iso-cratically using 80% acetonitrileiwater at 40 pl/min. A 50 x 1 mm C18 column (Keystone) is used between the pump and autosampler to provide back-pressure. The syringe/system flush solution is the 80% acetonitrileiwater used as the mobile phase. The autosampler is connected directly to the MS-MS Turboion Spray source. The injected sample volume is 20 pi. 

These robotic arms equipped with an automatic syringe system are used to take pre-programmed aliquots from the sample and reagent tray and place them into the reaction cuvettes. 

Fig. 7 Schematic of an automated direct probe system for molecular weight determination that features an ion trap MS. Samples are dissolved in a suitable solvent and injected via an automated syringe system onto the DEP wire. The probe is injected into the MS via an automated isolation valve system and the temperature is ramped to the programmed temperature. After sample analysis the probe is removed from the source and heated to a high temperature to clean the DEP wire in preparation for the next sample. This type of integrated, open-access MS-based application provides routine, unattended support for medicinal chemistry needs such as reaction monitoring and the optimization of reaction conditions. (Courtesy of Scientific Instrument Services, Ringoes, NJ.)...

Becton- Dickinson AccuSpray Based upon Hypak syringe system. Adaptable to aseptic use. 0.1-0.2 mL dose per nostril. Dose divider available to deliver one dose per nostril. Type 1 borosilicate glass/elastomeric stopper contact Spray angle 60° 10° Droplet size 5°/o < 14 pm 85°/o = 14-150 pm 10°/o > 150 pm... 

F. Albertus, A. Cladera, E. Becerra, V. Cerda, A robust multi-syringe system for process flow analysis. Part 3. Time based injection applied to the spectrophotometric determination of nickel(II) and iron speciation, Analyst 126 (2001) 903. 

Prefilled syringe system that could be coupled with an autoinjector... 

The sample valve is a rotary valve system that interposes the sample, contained in a sample loop, in line with the carrier gas flow, so that it is swept by the carrier gas onto the column. In GC, sample valves are almost exclusively used for gas samples and are not necessary for the majority of chiral chromatography analyses. Liquid samples or solutions are placed on the column by means of a injection syringe and silicone septum. There are two types of syringe injection systems, those that are used for packed columns, and those that are used for capillary columns. Today about 80% of all GC analyses are carried out using capillary columns, but for the sake of completion, the syringe system that is used with packed columns will also be described. 

The major methods of dispensing anaerobic adhesives use pressure-time controlled valves, a cartridge and syringe system and screen printing. 

Fig. 2 The three designs of static headspace injection systems. (A) The gas-tight syringe system uses a syringe to collect and transfer a headspace aliquot to the GC. (B) The balanced-pressure system pressurizes the vial after thermal equilibrium, then releases the pressurized headspace into the GC. (C) The pressure-loop system pressurizes the headspace vial, fills a fixed-volume loop with a headspace aliquot, and then the loop contents are flushed into the GC.

Lab in a syringe system. AP aqueous phase OP organic phase SV seiection vaive. (For coior version of this figure, the reader is referred to the oniine version of this book.)... 

Figure 12.12. Exchange of the bulk drop by using a double-syringe system and a coaxial double-capillary (according to Wege et al. (11))...

In some industries, particularly where only small quantities are required, the epoxy adhesive can be pre-mixed in a small container and then decanted into a syringe where it can be dispensed via a syringe system (see Section 8.3). The risk here is that the viscosity of the epoxy will gradually increase as the adhesive begins to cure in the syringe thus making it more difficult to control the quantity dispensed. 

---