Synthetic Genetic Methods to Determine Protein Interactions

4 SYNTHETIC GENETIC METHODS TO DETERMINE PROTEIN INTERACTIONS 

Most proteins occur as complexes several complexes together can carry out diverse cellular functions in an organism. These functions may involve different metabolic pathways, cell-to-cell communication including signaling, several DNA transactions such as DNA replication, transcription, repair and recombination, and cell division and growth. Such a complex of proteins has been called an interactome or a complexosome. 

In addition to the bacterial interactomes, the protein-protein interactions of the bacteriophage have been well studied using Y2H assays. About 27 proteins of the bacteriophage T7 have been studied most of these proteins are involved in the morphogenesis of the bacterial virus. 

The PPI maps of many eukaryotic organisms have been investigated. Several model organisms including flies yeast, fly, worms, and humans interactomes, have been mapped extensively. Some of these are described in this section. 

Human development begins from an embryo, which is the result of cell proliferation and differentiation that led to the formation of more than 700 cell types containing over a trillion cells as an adult. Each cell type contains the same genome but a different proteome because of the differential expression of genes that characterize the structure and function of a particular cell type thus, a neuron cell is much different from a muscle cell. These cell types have an entirely different protein profile that gives the neuron cell and the muscle cell their characteristic structure and function. These two cell types differ in many proteins. Several cell types predominantly produce only a few but different proteins. For example, the beta cells of the pancreas predominantly make insulin, whereas the erythrocytes make hemoglobin 

---