Synthesis of glycoproteins

Sharon, N, Protein glycosylation. Structural and functional aspects, Eur. J. Biochem., 218, 1-27, 1993. 

Glycobiology toward understanding the function of sugars, Chem. Rev., 96, 683-720, 1996. 

Brockhausen, I, Schachter, H, Glycosyltransferases involved in N- and O-Glycan biosynthesis. In Glycosciences Status and Perspectives, Gabius, H-J, and Gabius, S, Eds., Chapman Hall, Weinheim, pp. 79-113, 1997. 

Bradshaw, R A, Lennarz, W J, Primary structural requirements for the enzymatic formation of the A-glycosidic bond in glycoproteins, J. Biol. Chem., 254,9747-9753,1979. 

Komfeld, R, Komfeld, S, Assembly of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides, Ann. Rev. Biochem., 54, 631-664, 1985. 

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Abnormalities in the Synthesis of Glycoproteins Underlie Certain Diseases... 

Table 47—15 lists a number of conditions in which abnormalities in the synthesis of glycoproteins are of im-... 

Dietary sugars are also modified for synthesis of glycoproteins and proteoglycans, especially for serum proteins and extracellular matrix structural proteins. 

Characteristically, the a-isoprene unit is saturated, unlike bacterial undecaprenol, in which it is unsaturated, The dolichol mono- and di-phosphoric esters function as glycosylated intermediates2 in the synthesis of glycoproteins, keratan sulfate, cellulose, and yeast mannan, and that is why they are discussed here. 

Several nucleotides have been detected in milk (see Table 1.9). The list includes the common mono-and dinucleotides, 3, 5 cyclic AMP, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The ATP is located entirely in the casein micelles (Richardson et al. 1980). Several nucleotide sugars, undoubtedly excess intermediates left over from mammary synthesis of glycoproteins, are present. Both DNA and RNA have been detected in milk (Swope and Brunner 1965 Swope et al. 1965 Langen 1967) they are probably found primarily in milk leukocytes. 

Synthetic glycoproteins allow varied approaches to be tested. Davis et al. described the synthesis of glycoprotein probes able to detect mammalian brain inflammation and disease by using a dual tag approach [118]. They established two different orthogonal modifications in a selected protein (Scheme 19.11) [118, 119]. These modifications were introduced by disulfide formation at a single Cys position and by... 

An important aspect of the metabolism and synthesis of glycoproteins and glycoenzymes is the secretion of these molecules through the cellular membrane. It is possible that the final sugar residue becomes attached to the molecule at the plasma membrane, during passage of the molecule through the membrane. For example, in the... 

Enzymatic Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Enzymatic Synthesis of Polysaccharides Enzymatic Synthesis of Glycoproteins Enzymatic Synthesis of Glycolipids Glycosylation of Natural Products... 

MANGANESE Needed to activate a variety of enzymes, including enzymes involved in the synthesis of glycoproteins, proteoglycans and oligosaccharides. 

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