Synchronous cyclic capillary electrophoresis

Fig. 11. Principle of synchronized cyclic capillary electrophoresis. Three sample components with different mobility are symbolized. The voltage switching protocol is synchronized to component 2 (reprinted with permission from [73]. Copyright 1994 Hiithig Verlag, Germany)...

BurggrafN (1995) Synchronized Cyclic Capillary Electrophoresis, Ph. D. Thesis, University of Neuchatel, Switzerland... 

Burggraf, N., Manz, A., Verpoorte, E., Effenhauser, C.S., Widmer, H.M., de Rooij, N.F., A novel approach to ion separation in solution synchronized cyclic capillary electrophoresis (SCCE). Sensors Actuators B 1994, 20, 103-110. 

Manz, A., Bousse, L., Chow, A., Metha, T., Kopf-Sill, A., Parce, W.J., Synchronized cyclic capillary electrophoresis using channels arranged in a triangle and low voltages. Fres. J. Anal. Chem. 2001, 371, 195-201. 

Multiple column switching has been made possible by the construction of a cyclic CE microstructure in which four channels that are 20 mm in length are arranged to form a square, as illustrated in Figure 8.20.62 Two channels at each corner connect the loop to external reservoirs filled with separation buffer. Platinum electrodes are inserted into the reservoirs for the application of high voltages. One side of the device has a volume-defined injection scheme incorporated into it. The overall technique is called synchronized cyclic capillary electrophoresis.63... 

Burggraf, N., Manz, A., De Rooij, N. R, and Widmer, H. M., Synchronized cyclic capillary electrophoresis A novel concept for high-performance separations using low voltages. Analytical Methods Instrumentation 1993, 1,55-59. 

Zhao, J., Hooker, T., and Jorgenson, J. W., Synchronous cyclic capillary electrophoresis using conventional capillaries System design and preliminary results. Journal of Microcolumn Separations 1999, 11,431 37. 

Synchronous cyclic capillary electrophoresis (SCCE) was proposed by Jorgenson s group as a technique which allows overcoming the dispersion problems in FCCE caused by the parabolic counterflow profile [31], High resolution is achieved in SCCE by driving the samples in a virtually closed loop until desired resolutions are achieved. This technique was applied for isotopic and chiral separations. In the third cycle, the chiral compound (a-hydroxybenzyl) methyltrimethylammonium with a selectivity as low as 1.0078 was almost baseline separated in 3.5 h [40]. As mentioned by the authors, similar separations with a multicycle LC system as described in [41] would also be possible but would have taken 43 h. 

Culbertson CT, Jorgenson JW (1998) Separation of fluorescently derivatized deuterated isotopomers of phenylalanine using micellar electroldnetic chromatography and flow counterbalanced micellar electrokinetic chromatography. J Microcolumn Sep 11 175-183 Zhao J, Hooker T, Jorgenson JW (1999) Synchronous cyclic capillary electrophoresis using conventional capillaries system design and preliminary results. J Microcolumn Sep 11 431-437... 

Zhao 1, lorgenson IW (1999) Application of synchronous cyclic capillary electrophoresis isotopic and chiral separations. 1 Microcolumn Sep 11 439-449... 

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