Swinging arm

In many cases it is inconvenient to use a dipstick, due to the position or location of the tank, and there are a variety of direct and remote contents gauges available, including gauge glasses, float and weight, float and swing arm, float and indicator, hydrostatic, electrical capacitance, etc. 

Figure 6. A modern automatic film balance. The ionizing source for the surface potential probe is shown on its swinging arm, out of the way at the rear of the trough. Readout equipment is at the far left.

Polyamide is used for the swing arm of the seat-reclining mechanism. 

Perham, R.N. (2000) Swinging arms and swinging domains in multifunctional enzymes catalytic machines for multistep reactions. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 69, 961-1004. 

Review of the roles of swinging arms containing lipoate, biotin, and pantothenate in substrate channeling through multienzyme complexes. 

The opening of the test pipe has been designed and tested to ensure fully developed turbulent flow in the test section. Hence, the inlet length of the pipe to the first pressure gap amounts to 220 x d. The device has been carfully tested and calibrated with water, which complies with the Newtonian theory of fluids for smooth pipes. Measurements are taken after stabilization occurs and then a magnetic device in the form of a swinging arm turns the outlet tube to the collecting vessel and at this moment a stop-watch is... 

The lipoic acid is covalently attached to the transacetylase (E2). It acts as a swinging arm , interacting with pyruvate decarboxylase (E ) to accept the hydroxyethyl derivative of pyruvate, with CoA to produce acetyl-CoA, and with dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3) so that it can be reoxidized. 

Rigidity An abnormal increase in muscle tone, resulting in postural changes (shuffling gate, the chest and head thrust forward, knees and hips flexed, walks without swinging arms)... 

Insert the fully assembled extruder device into the extruder stand. Insert the stainless-steel hexagonal nut in such a way that any two opposing apexes fall in the vertical plane. Use the swing-arm clips to hold the syringes in good thermal contact with the heating block. 

The third type of modularity, the multi-catalytic enzymes using substrate channelling, are of particular interest for synthetic applications. Prominent members are the fatty acid synthases, the polyketide synthases and the non-ribosomal peptide synthases l42-44 . in these large proteins, a number of catalytic domains is combined with accessory domains and allows the catalysis of an entire pathway by a single polypeptide chain. Multi-catalytic enzymes frequently use a swinging arm , which is covalently attached to the intermediary product of one reaction step, and is subsequently able to present this molecule to the next catalytic domain for further... 

Mechanisms of biotin-dependent reactions invariably involve two separate sequences and two separate enzyme sites, with covalently bound biotin or carboxy-biotin moving on a swinging arm from one site to the other. 

ACP is a protein that carries acyl moieties in fatty acid biosynthesis. It contains a phosphpantetheine moiety as found in coenzyme A (Figure 18.26). ACP may have a role acting as a swinging arm that carries the acyl moiety through the multiple activities of the fatty acid synthase complex. 

Fatty acid biosynthesis from acetyl-CoA to palmitate involves an enzyme complex called fatty acid synthase, which appears to operate by a swinging arm mechanism involving the growing fatty acyl group linked to acyl carrier protein (Figure 18.29). Each of the individual enyzmatic activities below is a part of the fatty acid synthase complex. 

Figure 18.29 A swinging arm mechanism in the eukaryotic fatty acid synthase complex. 

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