Surface modifications of biomaterials

Biomaterials with Low Thrombogenicity. Poly(ethylene oxide) exhibits extraordinary inertness toward most proteins and biological macromolecules. The polymer is therefore used in bulk and surface modification of biomaterials to develop antithrombogenic surfaces for blood contacting materials. Such modified surfaces result in reduced concentrations of ceU adhesion and protein adsorption when compared to the nonmodifted surfaces. 

Preparation of polyfethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(arylene ether) based hydrophilic-hydrophobic block copolymer is of special interest because PEO has been proven to be particularly reliable and versatile for the surface modification of biomaterials. The first poly(ediylene oxide)-/ /oc/c-polysulfonc (PEO-fc-PSF) copolymers were reported by Aksenov et al.217 They employed diisocyanate chemistry to link hydroxy-terminated sulfone oligomers and polyfethylene... 

Surface modification of biomaterials Methods analysis and applications... 

In this article, we will discuss the steric repulsion of plasma proteins, platelets, and bacteria by surface-bound poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). PEO, a neutral hydrophilic polymer, has been used most widely for surface modification of biomaterials. 

Chu PK, Chen J, Wang L, Huang N. Plasma-surface modification of biomaterials. Mat... 

With the development of ion implantation the plating of practically any element on any substrate opened new perspectives to surface modification of biomaterials. Carbon and nitrogen have been the species most widely employed to modify the corrosion and wear behaviour of stainless steels and titanium alloys. However, the plating of metallic elements, with a view to modifying either the corrosion performance and/or the biological behaviour of metallic implants, is an interesting possibility. This would be particularly valuable in the case of stainless steel substrates. Very little... 

R. A. Buchanan and I.S. Lee, Surface modification of biomaterials through noble... 

Williams, R., 2010. Surface Modification of Biomaterials Methods Analysis and Applications. Elsevier. 

The surface modification of biomaterials is also frequently achieved using plasmas. The physico-chemical properties of the material surface may be modified using plasma discharge in different gases, or a polymer coating may be deposited using plasma polymerization (cf. the section on Data Interpretation Through Simulation). A well-known example of the first approach is tissue-culture polystyrene (TCPS), which is commonly used to culture cells in vitro (Fig. 19). XPS shows that plasma... 

Jagielski J, Piatkowska A, Aubert P et al (2006) Ion implantation for surface modification of biomaterials. Surf Coat Techn 200 6355-6361... 

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