Supplier groups

NTL Nuclear Trigger List (Nuclear Suppliers Group)... 

Dual-use Lis a list of nuclear-related material, equipment, software, and related technology, that can have valid uses in both commercial and military applications, developed by the Nuclear Suppliers Group (see definition) and described in the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Information Circular (INFCIRC) 254 Part 2. 

Especially Designed or Prepared Property equipment and material designed or prepared especially for use in the nuclear fuel cycle and described in the Nuclear Suppliers Group (see definition) Trigger List (see definition) (INFCIRC 254 Part 1). Especially Designed or Prepared Property is a category under Fligh Risk (Personal) Property (see definition). 

Nuclear Suppliers Group a select group of nuclear supplier coimtries dedicated to nuclear nonproliferation that establishes the Trigger List (see definition) and Dual-use List (see definition) in formulating guidelines for the export of nuclear materials, equipment and technology and for the transfer of nuclear-related dual-use nuclear equipment, materials, software and related technology, respectively. 

The relative importance of the suppliers products to the buyer, and conversely the relative lack of importance of the buyer to the supplier group, give significant power to suppliers. Other factors that increase the bargaining power of suppliers include high switching costs and a credible threat of suppliers to move into various stages of the value chain as direct competitors. 

One approach for promoting information sharing is the formation of supplier associations and the cross-holding of shares with supplier-group firms and between first-tier suppliers. Another is the two-way sharing of personnel with Toyota and between supplier-group firms. 

Other instruments, such as the African Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty (Treaty of Pelindaba), have provisions on physical protection of nuclear material referring back to the CPPNM and/or IAEA guidehnes, namely lNFClRC/225. Similarly, physical protection is a fundamental principle in guidelines for nuclear transfers under the auspices of the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG), which state that all nuclear materials and facilities identified by the agreed trigger list should be placed under effective physical protection levels (...) consistent with the relevant IAEA recommendations, in particular those set out in INFCIRC/225 . 

So an aircraft manufacturer will have hundreds of suppliers for the many commodity groups needed to build its aircraft. The individual preparing the response should have a broad enough view to understand the relative performance of various supplier groups. In the case of Acme, this may not be the fastener buyer for the aircraft manufacturer or distributor. 

However, customer preferences are subject to material incompatibility constraints among alternative suppliers of different material types. Material incompatibility can be characterized by the supplier groups whose components cannot be assembled together due to the differences in design and technology. Material incompatibility issues can become very complex because of the large number of suppliers. 

The author of this chapter acknowledges that it is based in part on an article entitled Additives Make Plastics, produced by the Additive Suppliers Group of the British Plastics Federation. Permission to adapt the article in this way has been given by the BPF. The views expressed in the adapted version should not be attributed to the above group, nor to the British Plastics Federation itself. 

Operations Production facilities (plant sites or cells) Supplier groups Materials used Distribution channels... 

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