Supin

FIGURE 2-7. Stes for intramuscular administration. (A) Vastus lateralis site the patient is supine or sitting. 

In patients taking midodrine for orthostatic hypotension, the nurse checks the blood pressure with the patient supine and sitting before therapy is begun. This is important because midodrine is contraindicated in patients with supine hypertension. 

Supine hypertension isa potentially dangerous adverse reaction when taking midodrine. The nurse can minimize this reaction by administering the medication during the day while the patient is in an upright position. Keeping the patient in an upright position can sometimes control supine hypertension. This requires that the patient sleep with the head of the bed elevated. 

Fhtients with hypertension must have their blood pressure and pulse taken on both arms in sitting, standing, and supine positions before therapy is begun. If the patient has a cardiac arrhythmia, the initial assessment includes taking the pulse rate, determining the pulse rhythm, and noting the patient s general appearance. 

ADMINISTERING HRETYLIUM. The nurse monitors cardiac rhythm and blood pressure continuously during administration. Hypotension and postural hypotension occur in about 50% of die patients receiving bretylium. If systolic pressure is less than 75 mm Hg, the nurse should notify the primary health care provider. The patient is kept supine until tolerance of postural hypotension develops. The nurse instructs the patient to change position slowly. Most individuals adjust to blood pressure changes within a few days. 

During initial therapy, headache and postural hypotension may occur, and the nurse must notify the primary health care provider because a dose change may be necessary. The nurse assists patients having episodes of postural hypotension with all ambulatory activities. The nurse instructs those with episodes of postural hypotension to take the drug in a sitting or supine position and to remain in that position until symptoms disappear. Hypotension maybe accompanied by paradoxical... 

A. remain in a supine position until the effects subside... 

When diazoxide or nitroprusside isused fora hypertensve emergency, the nurse placesthe patient in a supine position immediately before, as well as after, administration of the drug. The rate of infusion (nitroprussde) or rate of direct IV administration (diazoxide) and the patient s blood pressure are monitored closely during and after administration of the drug because severe hypotension can occur. The blood pressure and pulse rate may need to be monitored every 15 minutes until the blood pressure is reduced to safe levels The systolic pressure should not drop below 60 mm Hg. 

Recommends a supine position with knees flexed and legs spread. 

Place the patient into the right position (supine in cardiovascular reactions, thorax upright when bronchoconstriction is the major symptom)... 

Place patient in a supine position. Elevate lower extremities if... 

VS blood pressure 128/62 mm Hg supine, pulse 77 beats per minute, respiratory rate 15/minutes, temperature 37°C (98.6°F) Gen Poorly-groomed, thin woman looks stated age Neuro Folstein Mini Mental Status Exam score 16/30 disoriented to month, date, and day of week, clinic name and floor poor registration with impaired attention and shortterm memory recalled 0 out of 3 items good language skills but problems with commands CT Scan Mild to moderate generalized cerebral atrophy... 

Urine leakage with physical activity (volume is proportional to activity level). No Ul with physical inactivity, especially when supine (no nocturia). May develop urgency and frequency as a compensatory mechanism (or as a separate component of bladder overactivity). 

Intubation and mechanical ventilation increase the risk of HAP/VAP 6- to 21 -fold.2,22 VAP also may be related to colonization of the ventilator circuit23 Risk of aspiration is increased in these patients owing to the supine positioning of the patient, the presence of the endotracheal tube preventing closure of the... 

Aggravated by movement, supine positioning, coughing, sneezing, neck flexion, straight-leg raise, Valsalva maneuver, and palpation of spine... 

Clonidine can attenuate the noradrenergic hyperactivity of opiate withdrawal without interfering significantly with activity at the opiate receptors. Monitoring should include blood pressure checks, supine and standing, at least daily. 

In this chapter there is no attempt to elaborate a new system for reaching sustainable agriculture it is just an endeavour to work out a conceptual framework for focusing and organizing some basic principles. The principal of them is not to supinely accept any pre-conceived philosophy , but select in total freedom what is perceived the best solution for any particular case (admittedly, this too can be... 

General condition of the subject (e.g., starved versus well-fed, ambulatory versus supine). 

Vital signs may be measured with the patient in a supine, seated, and/or erect position. Both supine and erect positions are usually used if orthostatic changes are being evaluated. The need for such data will depend on the situation, but the position of the patients for this examination, as well as the period of time desired for stabilization, should be noted in the protocol. 

Hydralazine is equally effective in the supine and standing positions. The cardiovascular reflexes are intact and no postural hypotension is seen. However, the reflex tachycardia and increase in cardiac output (Figure 1) severely limit the clinical use of this drug. Tachycardia is almost invariably associated with the subjective complaints of severe palpitations (Figure 1). 

The blood pressure reduction by the diuretic agents occurs equally in supine, sitting and standing positions, at rest and during exercise. There is no orthostatic hypotension(13,14). 

It is calculated by measuring the nitrogen concentration in expired gas after a single breath of 100% oxygen. The nitrogen wash-out test is the same method used to measure anatomical dead space. Closing volume increases with age and reaches the standing FRC at 70 years and the supine FRC at 40 years. 

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