Sunset yellow

As an example, five different synthetic colorants (Tartrazine, Sunset Yellow, Ponceau 4R, Amaranth, and Brilliant Blue FCF) from drinks and candies were separated on a polyamide adsorbent at pH 4, eluted with an alkaline-ammonia solution. By another method, 13 synthetic food colorants were isolated from various foods using specific adsorption on wool. After elution with 10% ammonia solution and gentle warming, an absorption spectrum of the resulting colorant solution was recorded, compared to the reference spectra of pure colorants, and identified by linear regression analysis. ... 

Solid phase spectrophotometry proved to be an appropriate technique for the determination of colorants in foods dne to its simplicity, selectivity, reasonable cost, low detection limits, and use of conventional instrnmentation. This simple, sensitive, and inexpensive method allowed simnltaneons determinations of Snnset Yellow FCF (SY), Quinoline Yellow, and their nnsnlfonated derivatives [Sndan I (SUD) and Quinoline Yellow Spirit Soluble (QYSS)] in mixtnres. Mixtnres of food colorants containing Tartrazine, Sunset Yellow, Ponceau 4R, Amaranth, and Brilliant Blue were simultaneously analyzed with Vis spectrophotometry without previous chemical separation. ... 

Direct and derivative spectrophotometric and IP-RP-HPLC methods were applied to identify and determine synthetic dyes and follow their degradation processes. " The dyes considered were Tartrazine (E 102), Quinoline Yellow (E 104), Sunset Yellow (E 110), Carmosine (E 122), Amaranth (E 123), New Coccine (E 124), Patent Blue Violet (E 131), and Brillant Blue ECE (E 133). All are considered representative additives for soft drinks. 

In conclusion, synthetic dyes can be determined in solid foods and in nonalcoholic beverages and from their concentrated formulas by spectrometric methods or by several separation techniques such as TEC, HPLC, HPLC coupled with diode array or UV-Vis spectrometry, MECK, MEECK, voltammetry, and CE. ° Many analytical approaches have been used for simultaneous determinations of synthetic food additives thin layer chromatography, " " derivative spectrophotometry, adsorptive voltammetry, differential pulse polarography, and flow-through sensors for the specific determination of Sunset Yellow and its Sudan 1 subsidiary in food, " but they are generally suitable only for analyzing few-component mixtures. 

Berzas Nevado, J.J., Resolution of ternary mixtures of Tartrazine, Sunset Yellow and Ponceau 4R by derivative spectrophotometric ratio spectrum-zero crossing methods in commercial foods, Talanta, 46, 933, 1998. 

Capitan-Vallvey, L.F. et al.. Simultaneous determination of the colorants tartrazine, ponceau 4R and sunset yellow FCF in foodstuffs by solid phase spectrophotometry using partial least square multivariate calibration, Talanta, 47, 861, 1998. 

Bozdogan, A., Ozgur, U.M., and Koyuncu, L, Simultaneous determination of sunset yellow and Ponceau 4R in gelatin powder by derivative spectrophotometry and partial least-squares multivariate spectrophotometric calibration, Anal. Lett., 33, 2975, 2000. 

Nevado, J.J.B., Square wave adsorptive voltammetric determination of sunset yellow, Talanta, 44, 467,1997. 

Valencia, M.C. et al., A flow-throngh sensor for the determination of the dye Sunset Yellow and its subsidiary Sudan 1 in foods. Quint. Anal., 19, 129, 2000. 

Azo dyes Allura Red AC, Amaranth, Azorubine, Brilliant Black BN, Brown FK, Brown HT, Lithol Rubine BK, Ponceau 4R, Red 2G, Sunset Yellow, Tartrazine Triarylmethane (triphenylmethane) dyes Brilliant Blue FCF, Fast green FCF, Green S, Patent Blue V... 

Sunset Yellow (E 110, FD C Yellow No. 6, Cl Food Yellow 3, Orange Yellow S) is a mono azo dye, essentially disodium 6-hydroxy-5-(4-sulfonatophenylazo)-2-naphthalene-6-sulfonate. The calcium and potassium salts are also permitted. Sunset yellow is an orange red powder or granules, soluble in water, sparingly soluble in ethanol. The absorption maximum is at 485 nm in water, pH 7, = 555 under... 

The regulation is still in use, with amendments covering the purity of mixed carotene from algae, Sunset Yellow FCF, and titanium oxide. ... 

Several blends of colorants were established in order to prodnce desired hnes. To obtain orange color, one mnst mix the following colorants (parts per weight shown in parentheses) Allnra Red (25), Tartrazine (20), and Sunset Yellow (55). Food applications must take into account the fact that various colorants have different properties or can suffer chemical modifications in the specific conditions inherent in a food product. In such cases, the blend composition and color measurements must made in the product intended to be colored. ... 

Common additives in food are sulfur S(IV) oxospecies. Quinoline Yellow and Tartrazine show excellent stability toward S(IV) oxospecies while erythrosine. Red 2G, and Green S show good stability. - All other colorants show fair stability, except indigotine, which fades. In the presence of metabisulflte. Sunset Yellow FCF is degraded to a lemon yellow compound identified as l-(4 -sulfo-l-phenylhydrazo)-keto-3,3,4-trihydronaphtalene-4,6-disulfonic acid by NMR and FAB-MS techniques. ... 

Wedzicha, B.L., Chemistry of Sulphur Dioxide in Foods, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1984. Damant, A., Reynolds, S., and Macrae, R., The structural identification of a secondary dye produced from the reaction between sunset yellow and sodium metabisulphite, FoodAddit. Contam., 6, 273, 1989. 

Orange or yellow Sunset Yellow FCF E110 Yellow 6 Monoazo... 

E 110 Sunset Yellow FCF, Orange Yellow S E 120 Cochineal, carminic acid, carmines... 

An RP-HPLC method has also been developed for the determination of six food dyes (Sunset Yellow, E-110 Carminic acid, E-120 Carmoisine, E-122 Amaranth, E-123 ... 

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