Sulfides wastes

Metabolic Effects. Severe metabolic acidosis developed in a worker exposed to hydrogen sulfide generated from a sodium sulfide waste solution being dumped onto acid waste material (Stine et al. 

Below the chemocline, slow processes of neutralization and metal attenuation dominate over generation of acid and release of metals. Pit Lake, can therefore be considered as a potential long-term repository for different sulfide wastes occurring around the site and the town of Lynn Lake. 

Giere, R Sidenko, N.V. and Lazareva, E.V. (2003) The role of secondary minerals in controlling the migration of arsenic and metals from high-sulfide wastes (Berikul gold mine, Siberia). Applied Geochemistry, 18(9), 1347-59. 

Rotary multitray dryer pulverized coal, pectin, penicillin, zinc sulfide, waste slude, pyrophoric zinc powder, zinc oxide pellets, calcium carbonate, boric acid, fragile cereal products, calcium chloride flakes, caffein, Inorganic fluorides, crystals melting near 100°F, prilled pitch, electronic grade phosphors, and solvent-wet organic solids... 

Cathles L. M. (1979) Predictive capabilities of a finite difference model of copper leaching in low grade industrial sulfide waste dumps. Math. Geol. 11, 175—191. 

Chance-Claus process. The process recovers sulfur from sulfide waste by treatment with carbon dioxide and oxidation of the resulting hydrogen sulfide with air in the presence of a catalyst. 

Derivation Oxidation of dimethyl sulfide with nitrogen tetroxide under anhydrous conditions sulfide waste liquors. 

The components of most refinery liquid waste streams are recovered and reused, whenever feasible. Unfortunately, some of these, such as aqueous caustic phenolic or caustic sulfidic wastes, do not lend themselves readily to reuse. Deep well disposal, incineration, or precipitation in some manner and landfilling of the separated solids are the measures used in these instances. Raising the concentration of brine streams by reverse osmosis before discharge can help decrease final disposal costs by decreasing the waste volume [78]. 

High aluminum (and silica) concentrations in acid streams and in sulfidic-waste tailings and coal-storage piles derive from the weathering of aluminosilicate minerals. Kaolinite clay, for example, is common in the underclays beneath Pennsylvania coal beds (Gang and Langmuir 1974). Above... 

Sulfide Waste water GD UV-Vis 0.03 mg L-1 Multi-syringe flow system multicommutation acceptor stream stopped during gas diffusion [548]... 

Figure 10-49. Argonne plasma process for the treatment of hydrogen sulfide waste.

Reactive wastes, other than cyanide and sulfide wastes, must be treated and rendered nonreactive before packaging. 

Desulfurization is an alternative process for managing large-scale sulfide wastes/ tailings. This process can separate sulfide minerals into a low-volume stream, leaving mainly waste with low sulfur content that will be non-acid-generating. The attractiveness of desulfurization is that it is simple and economic. 

Modak reported that com sugar waste (reducing sugars) fi om a starch manufacturing operation is useful for sulfur dye reduction [53]. In one reported case, textile wastewater sulfide concentration was reduced from 30 to 2 ppm, with associated reduction in aquatic toxicity. An increase in BOD resulted but was easily handled by the textile wastewater treatment system, whereas the sulfide waste was not amenable to waste treatment. The zone settling velocity in the secondary clarifiers improved as a result of the decrease in sulfide, thus increasing waste treatment efficiency. Odors were reduced. The com starch manufacturer saved 12,000 on waste treatment system expansion and 2400 in operating expenses, had the waste stream not been reused [53]. 

Spent caustic neutralization is applied to both phenolic and sulfidic waste streams, but oxidation of spent caustics is limited to sulfide waste streams, since phenols inhibit the oxidation of sulfides in spent caustics. 

Table 9.2-1 presents the copper production by major copper producers in the western United StiUes for the year 1978. The tonnage pi uc by dump leaching and the leaching of oxide ores was 18% of mial year tonnage. An estimated two-thirds of this, or approximately 12% of the total, may be attributed to dump leaching of low-grade predominantly sulfide-waste materials. 

The solubilities of some heavy metal sulfides are extremely low, so precipitation by H2S or other sulfides (see Reaction 22.5.2) can be a very effective means of treatment. Hydrogen sulfide is a toxic gas that is itself considered to be a hazardous waste (U135). Iron(II) sulfide (ferrous sulfide) can be used as a safe source of sulfide ion to produce sulfide precipitates with other metals that are less soluble than FeS. However, toxic H2S can be produced when metal sulfide wastes contact acid ... 

Portland cement is widely used for solidification of hazardous wastes. In this application, Portland cement provides a solid matrix for isolation of the wastes, chemically binds water from sludge wastes, and may react chemically with wastes (for example, the calcium and base in Portland cement react chemically with inorganic arsenic sulfide wastes to reduce their solubilities). However, most wastes are held physically in the rigid Portland cement matrix and are subject to leaching. 

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