Tetrakis sulfate

Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium Salts. The reaction of formaldehyde (qv) and phosphine in aqueous hydrochloric or sulfuric acid yields tetrakis-(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride [124-62-1/, Albright Wilson s Retardol C, or the sulfate [55566-30-8] (Retardol S), (C4H 2C4P)2SO [55566-30-8]. 

Finally, a modification has been carried out in which a polyacrylate emulsion is added to a normal tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate [55566-30-8] (THPS), urea, and TMM fire-retardant treatment in an attempt to completely alleviate the strength loss during the finishing. Indeed, better retention of tensile properties is achieved with no loss in fire resistance (85). 

The salt ia this case is tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride [124-64-1]. The corresponding sulfate salt [55566-30-8] is also produced commercially as are urea-containing formulations of both salts. The latter formulations are actually used to flame retard the textiles (see Flame retardants FOR textiles). 

Biocides. Two phosphine derivatives are ia commercial use as biocides. These are tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate [55566-30-8] and tributyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride [8741-28-8]. These compounds are sold by Albright and Wilson Ltd. and EMC, respectively. The preparation... 

Various patents (22—24) have been issued claiming the use of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate in, for example, water treating, pharmaceuticals (qv), and in the oil industry where this compound shows exceptional activity toward the sulfate-reducing bacteria that are a primary cause of hydrogen sulfide formation and consequent problems associated with souring and corrosion (25). 

Flame Retardants. The amount of research expended to develop flame-retardant (FR) finishes for cotton and other fabrics has been extremely large in comparison to the total amount of fabrics finished to be flame retardant. The extent of this work can be seen in various reviews (146—148). In the early 1960s, a substantial market for FR children s sleepwear appeared to be developing, and substantial production of fabric occurred. In the case of cotton, the finish was based on tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC) or the corresponding sulfate (THPS). This chemical was partly neutralized to THPOH, padded on fabric, dried under controlled conditions, and ammoniated. The finish was subsequently oxidized, yielding a product that passed the test for FR performance. This process is widely preferred to the THPOH—NH process. 

It is liquefied by conducting the gas through a condenser cooled with ice water. Where difficult to obtain, it may be prepared by passing chlorine gas through a stirred suspension of sodium tetrakis(cyano-C)zincate prepared in situ from sodium cyanide and zinc sulfate. ... 

Cerate, tetrakis(dimethyldithiophosphonium)-stereochemistry, 1, 94 Cerale, letrakis(phenylenedioxy)-stereochemistry, 1, 94 Ceric ammonium nitrate, 3, 1114 Ceric sulfate, 3, 1114 Cerium... 

Tetraamminehydroxynitratoplatinum(IV) nitrate, 4594 Tetraamminepalladium(II) nitrate, 4588 Tetraamminezinc peroxodisulfate, 4586 l,4,8,ll-Tetraazacyclotetradecanenickel(II) perchlorate, 3376 Tctrakis(/j.3-2-amiiio-2-methylpropanolato)tetrakis(//2-2.aniiiio-2-methylpropanolato)hexacopper(II) perchlorate, 3883 Tetrakis(3-methylpyrazole)cadmium sulfate, 3716 Tetrakis(3-methylpyrazole)manganese(II) sulfate, 3717 Tctrakis(4-/V-nicthylpyridinio)porphinecobalt(III)(5 +) perchlorate, 3908 Tetrakis(4-iV-methylpyridinio)porphineiron(III)(5+) perchlorate, 3909 Tetrakis(pyrazole)manganese(II) sulfate, 3538... 

A, Dimethyl (s)-2-hexenedioate. A 100-roL, one-necked, round-bottomed flask is capped by a septum, swept with dry nitrogen and flame-dried. The flask is charged with methyl acrylate (50 ml, 0.55 mol. Note 1), then anhydrous lithium tetrafluoroborate (9 g, 0.096 mol, Note 2), and finally tetrakis(acetonitrile)palladium tetrafluoroborate (1.33 g, 0.003 mmol. Note 3). The mixture is stirred briefly until homogeneous. It is warmed under nitrogen in a 40°C-o11 bath for 72 hr (Note 4) and then allowed to cool to room temperature. The mixture is added to saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (100 mt) and extracted with ether (3 x 50 mt). The combined ether extracts are dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to an oil with a rotary evaporator. The residue is distilled through a lO-cm... 

Chem. Abstr. Name. Phosphonium, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-, sulfate (2 1) (salt)... 

Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate was tested for carcinogenicity by oral administration in one strain of mice and one strain of rats. No dose-related increase in the incidence of any tumour was observed, but in males receiving the low dose there was an increased incidence of malignant lymphomas in mice and of mononuclear-cell leukaemia in rats. 

During 90-day gavage studies, hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration was seen in rats and mice receiving tetrakis(hydroxyinethyl)phosphonium sulfate or chloride. Neurotoxicity was also caused by the latter salt (lARC, 1990). 

Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride and sulfate salts were not mutagenic to bacteria in either the presence or absence of an exogenous metabolic system. In single studies, the sulfate salt induced mutations in mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells in vitro at the tk locus and, in mouse bone marrow in vivo, it caused a marginal increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations, but did not induce micronuclei (lARC, 1990). 

Tetrakis(fluoroxy)hexafluorobutane, 1370 Tetrakis(hydroxymercurio)methane, 0470 Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium nitrate, 1748 Tetrakis(3-methylpyrazole)cadmium sulfate, 3710 Tetrakis(3-methylpyrazole)manganese(II) sulfate, 3711a Tetrakis(4-/V-methylpyridinio)porphinecobalt(l[f)(5+) perchlorate, 3902 Tetrakis(4-lV-methylpyridinio)porphineiron(ni)(5+) perchlorate, 3903... 

Tetrakis(2-methyltetrazol-5-yl)-hexaaza-l, 5-diene, 3008a 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(2-nitrophenyl)porphine, 3901 Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)titanium, 3836 Tetrakis(pyrazole)manganese(II) sulfate, 3532 Tetrakis(pyridine)bis(tetracarbonylcobalt)magnesium, 3861 Tetrakis(thiourea)manganese(II) perchlorate, 1779... 

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