Sugar organic

In the acid hydrolysis process (79—81), wood is treated with concentrated or dilute acid solution to produce a lignin-rich residue and a Hquor containing sugars, organic acids, furfural, and other chemicals. The process is adaptable to all species and all forms of wood waste. The Hquor can be concentrated to a molasses for animal feed (82), used as a substrate for fermentation to ethanol or yeast (82), or dehydrated to furfural and levulinic acid (83—86). Attempts have been made to obtain marketable products from the lignin residue (87) rather than using it as a fuel, but currently only carbohydrate-derived products appear practical. 

Root exudates Diffusates Sugars, organic acids, amino acids,... 

Only limited information is available on effects of potassium (K) supply on root exudation. Increa.sed exudation of sugars, organic acids, and amino acids has... 

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) is cultivated on small scale in Europe. The fruits have a high concentration of red and purple anthocyanins and a relatively low concentration of sugars, organic acids and aroma compounds, which make this juice attractive as a natural colour ingredient in other red fruit products [126-129]. The fresh green odour of elderberry juice is associated with volatile compounds with typical green notes such as 1-hexanol, 1-octanol, (Z)-3-hexen-l-ol, ( )-2-hexen-l-ol, hexanal and ( )-2-hexenal, whereas the floral aroma is mainly due to the presence of hotrienol and nonanal [127-130]. 

A. Separation from Peptides of Sugars, Organic Acids, Salts, Etc. 

Fermentation proceeds via the development of microorganisms that the food industry controls and corrects to obtain the desired results. The main substratum that is transformed is made up of carbohydrates, which may undergo various types of fermentation, with the production of more simple substances that are very important in the determination of the quality of the final product. In some cases, the formation of some substances may indicate undesired processes. There is, therefore, the need to intervene rapidly so that the necessary corrections may be made to the process. Fast analytical methods are required that can in most cases ascertain the content of various sugars, organic acids, glycerol, and alcohols (for example, methanol, ethanol, higher alcohols). 

Water, sugars, organic acids and amino acids make up all tut a few tenths of 1 of "single strength" orange juice. A breakdown of the composition of orange juice is presented in Table I. 

Sugars, organic acids, peptides, unidentified materials 8.5 Urea 7.0... 

Five species of common edible crabs were used. They were cooked in boiling water containing 3% NaCl for 20 minutes according to commercial practice. After cooling, the leg meat was removed from the crabs of both sexes and extracted with hot water. The extracts were then deproteinized with 80% ethanol and analyzed for free and combined amino acids, nucleotides and related compounds, quaternary ammonium bases, sugars, organic acids, and inorganic ions. 

PURPOSE AND RATIONALE During the last 10 years many uptake transporters as well as efflux transporters have been discovered in the GI and especially in the small intestine. They allow uptake of ions, amino acids, peptides, nucleic acids, sugars, organic acids, vitamins, cofactors and nucleosides. On the other hand, efflux transporters ensure protection of the organism from unwanted pathogen or compound delivery. Subsequently, cellular systems have been used to study uptake in mechanistic studies in more detail. Additionally inhibition studies provide hints on potential drag-drug interactions. 

The second and much more powerful force driving sugar organic chemistry ahead was provided by the discovery that the carbohydrates play vital roles in the control of many key biological... 

Our results have led us to suggest a role for L-ascorbic acid in phloem transport (9) in which ascorbic acid is translocated from its biosynthetic site in the leaf to a catabolic site in the fruit cluster where C4-C5 cleavage of the carbon chain produces tartaric acid and a putative C2 precursor of carbohydrate biosynthesis. The sugar/organic acid balance that influences grape quality in winemaking may well be determined by the role of ascorbic acid as the precursor of tartaric acid. 

The grape extract or the wine is then purified by using a dispersive aminopropyl solid-phase extraction. These extraction techniques allow the removal of unwanted substances from grapes and wine such us sugars, organic acids, and other substances interfering in the pesticide quantitation (Anastassiades et al., 2003). 

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