Sucrose monopalmitate

The enhancement of enzyme yields by carbohydrate esters (Table 3) may be due, in part, to their surfactant properties. This is certainly true of sucrose monopalmitate, which has been found to increase yields, not only of invertase, but of many other enzymes listed in Table 4. Both Tween 80 and sucrose monopalmitate are nonionic surfactants relatively nontoxic to the organisms tested. At first, it was believed that only this type of surfactant possessed the stimulating effect. Later sodium oleate proved superior to Tween 80 for producing cellulase by some fungi. The anionic surfactants tend to be more toxic than the nonionics. The cationic agents, which are even more toxic, have not been found useful in this work. 

Sucrose monopalmitate. See Sucrose palmitate Sucrose monostearate. See Sucrose stearate Sucrose myristate... 

CAS 26446-38-8 EINECS/ELINCS 247-706-7 Synonyms p-D-Fructofuranosyl-a-D-glucopyranoside monohexadecanoate a-D-Glucopyranoside, p-D-frutofuranosyl, monohexadecanoate Palmitic sucrose ester Saccharose palmitate Sucrose monopalmitate Sucrose palmitic acid ester Definition Monoester of palmitic acid and sucrose Empirical C28HS2O12 Properties M.w. 580.71 nonionic Uses O/w and w/o emulsifier, softener, conditioner, texturizer, and aerating agent in foods protective fruit coatings emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer, tablet lubricant, excipient, diluent for pharmaceuticals emulsifier, surfactant, solvent in cosmetics poiymerization emulsifier for food-pkg. film... 

Figure 2. Added lipids in breadmaking. Center pup-loai, no added lipid right, 0.75% commercial sucrose monopalmitate left, 3% shortening (percent based on flour in formula). (Courtesy K. F. Finney, Grain Marketing Research Lab., US Dept, of Agriculture,...

Figure 3. Performances of a commercial sucrose monopalmitate and of sucrose monoesters of pure fatty acids in bread (pup-loaf) made from a no-shortening formula containing a 9 1 mixture of wheat-soy flour. The loaf with 3% shortening had a loaf-volume of 880 cc. (Results determirwd by C. Magoffin and K. F. Finney, Grain Marketing Research Laboratory, V.S.D.A., Manhattan, Kansas, V.S.A., in collaboration with H. Chang, Dept, of Grain Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas)...

Figure 5. Partial carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of sucrose monopalmitate in methyl sulfoxide-, pulse time was 3 sec with a total of 32,000 pulses...

Sucrose 4 -(L-arabinos-2-yl phosphate), A-63 Sucrose monopalmitate, S-92 Sucrose monostearate, S-92 Sucrose octasulfate, S-94 Sucrose, S-92 -Sucrose, A-83 fl/tro-Sucrose, F-52 Sucrosetricarboxylic acid, S-93 Sucrosofate potassium, S-94 Sucrosofate, S-94 Sugammadex sodium, 0-1 Sugordomycin Did, C-154 Suleparoid sodium, H-4 Sulfatide, S-95 Sulfenosine, S-96 Sulfmosine, S-96... 

The acute toxicity for a number of different compounds in this general class has been studied in a range of animal models. The results summarized in Table 2 reveal that no significant toxic events can be associated specifically through oral ingestion of sugar fatty acid esters. One exception appeared to be the higher dose of lard and tallow sucrose esters administered to the rat, which resulted in death. Also notable is the positive hemolytic result for sucrose monopalmitate when administered intravenously to the rat. Surfac-... 

The effects of oral ingestion of different sucrose esters over short periods of time have also been studied in rat and dog models, which are summarized in Table 3. There was only one report of adverse reaction to relatively high levels of sucrose monopalmitate in the diet, while the rest of the studies indicated that short-term ingestion has no consequence in these animal models. Similarly, long-term dietary ingestion of these materials (Table 4) showed no effects on the reproduction of the animals under study over two generations, and no evidence of increased level of tumors or other abnormalities. 

Sucrose monopalmitate Rat >5% caused diarrhea and death 100 days <2% no adverse effects 60 days ... 

Sucrose monopalmitate Rat >3% for 2 years caused loss in body weight <3% no adverse effects 1 % no effect on reproduction or offspring over 3 generations ... 

R. Tudisco, Sugar esters -sucrose monopalmitate (SMP). Oral administration experiments in the rat. Unpublished report from the Medical Research and Clinical Investigation Labs, Lepetit S.p.A., Milan, Italy, submitted to the World Health Organisation. (1961). 

O.E. Paynter, Long term feeding study in albino rats. Sucrose monopalmitate. Unpublished report from Hazleton Labs, Inc., Falls Church, Va., USA, submitted to the World Health Organisation by Sucro-Chemical Division, Colonial Sugars Co., Gramercy, La., USA. (1965). 

Sucrose mono/distearate. See Sucrose polystearate Sucrose monolaurate. See Sucrose laui e Sucrose monomyristate. See Sucrose myristate Sucrose monopalmitate. See Sucrose palmitate Sucrose monostearate. See Sucrose stearate Sucrose myristate... 

Synonyms P-D-Fructofuranosyl-a-D-glucopyranoside monohexadecanoate a-D-Glucopyranoside, 3-D-frutofuranosyl, monohexadecanoate Palmitic sucrose ester Saccharose palmitate Sucrose monopalmitate Sucrose palmitic acid ester... 

Increasing the weight percentage of pure sucrose ester in the pup-loaf formula from 0.4% to 0.75% produced some surprises. At those levels, sucrose monocapryllate, monocaprate, and monoarachidate became more effective than sucrose monomyristate, monopalmitate, monostearate, and monooleate. Only sucrose monolaurate did not decline in effectiveness it showed a broad, optimum volume-response with concentration in dough. 

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