Structures of poly

Much work has been carried out in order to elucidate the molecular structure of poly(vinyl chloride). In 1939, Marvel, Sample and Roy dechlorinated PVC with zinc dust to give linked cyclic structures (Figure 12.9). 

Consideration of the structure of poly (vinylidene chloride) (Figure 17.3) enables certain predictions to be made about its properties. 

Figure 15 Schematic structure of poly(car(ianyl acrylate).

Show the structure of poly(vinyl chloride), a polymer made from H C CHCl, by drawing several repeating units. 

Figure 11-1. Chemical structure of poly(pura-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) and schematic polymer LED device structure.

Nakase, Y., Kurijama, I. and Odajima, A. Analysis of the Fine Structure of Poly(Oxyme-thylene) Prepared by Radiation-Induced Polymerization in the Solid State. Vol. 65, pp. 79-134. 

Fig. 8. The structure of poly-(butylene terephtalate) and related co-polymers, together with their typical NMR signals in the solid state, 341...

FIGURE 5 Molecular structures of poly(Bisphenol A carbonate) and poly(Bisphenol A iminocarbonate). The poly(iminocarbonates) are, in a formal sense, derived from polycarbonates by replacement of the carbonyl oxygen by an imino group. 

The structure of poly(iminocarbonates) synthesized by the direct interfacial polymerization of BPA and cyanogen bromide was analyzed by NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis and found to be identical in all aspects to authentic poly(imino-carbonates) obtained by solution polymerization (46). 

Fig. 11 (a) Schematic polymer structure of poly-7 OEt. Phenylene rings are omitted in order to simplify, (b) Molecular model of repeating structure of poly-7 OEt. Four chiral centres on each of two cyclobutane rings in both sides are enantiomeric to each other. 

Figure 5.1 The structure of poly(alkenoic acid)s containing acrylic, itaconic, maleic and 3-butene 1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid units.

Funaki, Y, Kumano, K., Nakao, X, Jinnai, H., Yoshida, H., Kimishima, K., Xsutsumi, K., Hirokawa, Y. and Hashimoto, X. (1999) Influence of casting solvents on microphase-separated structures of poly(2-vinylpyridine)-fcJocfe-polyisoprene. Polymer, 40, 7147-7156. 

Poly(dG-dC) poly(dG-dC) and its methylated analogue structures assume left-handed conformation (Z-DNA) in high molar sodium salt (Na", K" ), in low molar divalent cations (Ca", Mg", Ni ), micromolar concentrations of hexaamine cobalt chloride (Co(NH3)6)Cl3 and in millimolar concentrations of polyamines. In order to analyse the binding of berberine to Z-form DNA, Kumar et al. [186] reported that the Z-DNA structure of poly(dG-dC) poly(dG-dC) prepared in either a high salt concentration (4.0 M) or in 40 mM (Co(NH3)6)Cl3 remained invariant in the presence of berberine up to a nucleotide phosphate/alkaloid molar ratio of 0.8 and suggested that berberine neither bormd to Z-form DNA nor converted the Z-DNA to the... 

We also studied the structure of poly(N.N-dimethyl-diallyl-ammonium bromide) using poly(N,N-dimethy1-3,4-dimethylenepyrroli-dinium bromide) as a model system (16). These studies unequivocally confirmed that polydiallyl quaternary ammonium system consisted predominantly, if not exclusively, of five-membered rings linked mainly in a 3,4-cis configuration. By investigating synthetic polymers with defined structures and composition, it is hoped that some relationship between the polymeric structure and properties could be clarified. We now wish to report the 1,4-polymerization of N-pheny1-3,4-dimethylene pyrrolidine and the effects of oxidation and reduction of this polymer. 

Figure 2. Molecular structures of poly(Bisphenol A carbonate) and poly(Bisphenol A iminocarbonate).

F Koosha, RH Muller, SS Davis, MC Davies. The surface chemical structure of poly (/J-hydroxybutyrate) microparticles produced by solvent evaporation process. J Control Rel 9 149, 1989. 

Since the initial disclosure by Allcock, workers have sought to answer various questions 1) What is the nature of the polymerization process (mechanism) 2) What is the structure of poly(dichlorophosphazene) that distinguishes it from the insoluble "inorganic rubber (III) 3) The substitution process gives a seemingly endless variety of products. What are the limitations or... 

Figure 16 Chain structure of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (Kevlar ).

Figure 14 The left hand side shows the band structures of poly(pyridine) calculated using a DFT-LMTO method for helical polymers. The right hand side shows its calculated density of states spectrum (solid line) and the experimental UPS spectrum (dashed line). The UPS spectrum was taken from Miyamae et al. [104]. Reproduced with permission from Vaschetto et al. [103], Figure 6. Copyright 1997 the American Chemical Society.

Figure 9 Chemical structures of poly(acrylate)s and numberings of carbons.

The polyesters synthesized by microorganisms were first investigated by Lemoigne, who isolated the reserve polymers in Bacillus megaterium in 1925 and identified the polymer to be poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3HB) [1]. The chemical structure of poly(3HB) is shown in Fig. 1. 

Fig. i. Chemical structure of poly(hydroxyalkanoate) repeating unit... 

Fig. 12 (a) Chemical structure of poly(sarcosine)-b-poly(y-methyl L-glutamate) copolymer. 

Fig. 20 (a) Qiemical structures of poly Glc—Asn(/V-isopropyl)]. (b) Photographs showing temperature-responsiveness of poly Glc-Asn(/V-isopropyl) 5% aqueous solution at below (upper) and above (lower) the LCST. [304]... 

An exhaustive theoretical characterization of the chemical structure of poly-disperse block copolymers suggests knowledge of the distributions of ... 

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