Polycarbonate derived from

Table 3. Aromatic Polycarbonates Derived from Bisphenols...

Bisphenols. See also Bisphenol A (BPA) aromatic polycarbonates derived from, 19 806-808t... 

Li XH, Meng YZ, Chen GQ, Li RKY (2004) Thermal properties and rheological behavior of biodegradable aliphatic polycarbonate derived from carbon dioxide and propylene oxide. J Appl Polym Sci 94 711-716... 

An alternative source of polycarbonate derived from C02 involves the alternating copolymerization of oxetane and C02 (Equation 8.1). 

Physical properties of polycarbonates derived from diphenyl carbonate, and isosorbide and/or bisphenol and those derived from bismethylsalicylcarbonate, (1), bisphenol A and/or isosorbide are provided in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. 

The production of polycarbonates, mostly the aromatic polycarbonates derived from bisphenol A, is the second largest area of phosgene usage and is probably the most important growing area. It accounts for about 1.5 tyr of polycarbonates, corresponding to a yearly phosgene consumption over 0.6 ty. ... 

Table 5. Thermotropic polycarbonates derived from 4,4 -dihydroxybiphenyl and various diphenols ...

Wu, R., Al-Azemi, T.F., and Bisht, K.S. (2008) Functionalized polycarbonate derived from tartaric acid enzymatic ring-opening polymerization of a seven-membered cyclic carbonate. Biomacromolecules, 9 (10), 2921-2928. 

J.N. Anand, D.C. Feay, S.E. Bales, and T.O. Jeanes, Semipermeable membranes consisting predominantly of polycarbonates derived from tetrahalobisphenols, US Patent 4,818,254, 1989... 

Cholesteric polycarbonates derived from DAS bis(phenyl carbonate), methyl hydroquinone, and 4,4 -dihydro-biphenyl were better obtained by polycondensation in pyridine-containing organic solvents, as reported by Kricheldorf et al. [39]. Trichloromethylchloroformate (TCF) was successfully used for all these polycondensations. The use of solid TCF is advantageous over phosgene because it is easy to apply in stoichiometric amounts, easy to store, and commercially available. 

Cholesteric polycarbonates derived from DAS and 2,5-bis(4 -hydroxybenzylidene)cyclopentanone have also been described [41]. 

Kricheldorf H.R., Sun S.J., Gerken A., Ch. Chang T., Polymers of carbonic add 22. Cholesteric polycarbonates derived from (S)-[(2-methylbutyl)thio]hydroquinone or isosorbide. Macromolecules, 29, 1996, 8077—8082. 

Kricheldorf H.R., Sun Sh.J., Chen Ch.R, Chang T.Ch., Polymers of carbonic acid. XXIV. Photoreactive, nematic or cholesteric polycarbonates derived from hydroquinone-4-hydroxybenzoate 4,4 -dihydroxychtilcone and isosorbide, J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. Chem., 35, 1997, 1611-1619. 

Sun S.J., Schwarz G., Kricheldorf H.R., Ch. Chang T., New polymers of cabonic acid. XXV. Photoreactive cholesteric polycarbonates derived from 2,5-bis(4 -hydroxybenzylidene)cyclopentanone and isosorbide, J. Polym. ScL Part A Polym. 

S Polycarbonate (PC). Although the first reported synthesis of aromatic polycarbonates from bisphenol-A can be traced back to Einhom in 1898, there were no additional investigations into this polymer for the next 50 years. Despite numerous investigations into polycarbonates derived from other aromatic diols, the foundation of the polycarbonate industry lies on bisphenol-A. Hereafter, the term PC will refer only to bisphenol-A polycarbonate. Eigure 9.8 shows the structures of the PC polymer and its monomer precursors. 

Brignou, P., Priehe, G.M., Casagrande, O., Carpentier, J.F., Guillaume, S.M., 2010. Polycarbonates derived from green acids ring-opening polymerization of seven-membered cyclic carbonates. Macromolecules 43, 8007—8017. 

Flame-retardant grades of PBT usually consist of synergistic mixtures of antimony trioxide with various halogenated (brominated) aromatic compounds. A typical recipe for PBT might be 10 wt% decabromodiphenyl oxide and 5 wt% antimony oxide. Recently the trend has been to use polymeric or oligomeric brominated additives. A typical additive is an end-capped polycarbonate derived from tetrabromobisphenol-A [94334-64-2] another is a mixture of epoxy oligomers derived from the diglycidyl ether of tetrabromobisphenol-A [68928-70-1]. The brominated polystyrenes (Zoc. cit.) have only limited usefulness in PBT as they have a low melt compatibility (107). 

Table 3. Mechanical Properties of Polycarbonate Derived from Cyclic Oligomers.

Figure 17.6. (a) Emission spectra of a 3-mm-thick polycarbonate sheet made by the TIRES technique and by uniformly heating the sample. A blackbody emission spectrum is shown below for comparison, (fo) Emittance spectra of polycarbonate derived from the upper panel spectra compared to an absorption spectrum of polycarbonate recorded by photoacoustic spectrometry. (Reproduced from [7], by permission of the American Chemical Society copyright 1990.)... 

The Tm s for 2 showed the expected odd-even effect with respect to variation of the diol chain length 29 with the highest value for the polycarbonate derived from 1,4-butanediol. When the butanediol based polycarbonate was quench-cooled with liquid nitrogen from the melt, subsequent heating led to a new, broad melting transition at 0 °C, followed by crystallization, then the Tm at 205 C (Figure 2). The quench-cooling appears to afford a kinetically favored crystal form with a lower Tm. 

---