Stress agents

Most of the stress proteins discussed in this account have a role either in helping the plants survive, or in minimising the effectiveness of the stress agent. In helping plants survive under stress conditions, the stress proteins perform the following functions (1) maintenance of the basic metabolism in the stressed cell, e.g. the induction of ADH and some... 

ROS levels increase in cells exposed to stress agents [75], that promote apoptosis by stimulating ASK1, JNK and p38 [76], and p53 [77],... 

ABSTRACT Panax ginseng is one of the most investigated medicinal plants. In the Eastern world it has been used for more than 2000 years as a tonic and prophylactic to increase nonspecific resistance against a variety of stress agents. The plant contains more than 200 identified chemical compounds and among them the ginsenosides are considered the most important constituents. Consistent efficacy and safety require constantly uniform composition, a condition which the raw material (roots) can scarcely fulfill. 

Hashem, F.A. El-M. and Sahab, A.F. (1999) Chemical response of parsley and mentha herbs to certain stress agents. Food Chemistry 65(1), 29-33. 

This hormone also acts as a stress agent, helping a plant deal with adverse conditions. For example, ABA accumulates on leaves and causes stomata to close, reducing the loss of water when a plant begins to wilt. 

We propose that there is feedback between the host selection behavior of bark beetles, the spatial and temporal pattern of predisposing stress agents, and the impacts of natural enemies.That is, when beetles track a highly predictable predisposing agent, such as root colonizers (Figs. 4.12, 4.13), they are likewise highly predictable to natural enemies (Table 4.3). Similarly, when beetles rely on trees that are severely stressed (Fig. 4.11), it is difficult to escape competitors that can also acquire this resource. These conditions make it less likely that populations will move from K to Ki (Fig. 4.5). However, numbers alone may not explain these... 

SCHOFIELD Well, we haven t made that kind of evaluation in terms of what the significance is regionally in terms of loss of fish population. We know that currently it s acting as a stressing agent in many of the lakes and streams in this region where we try to re-introduce fish where there are currently none. That seems to be one of the primary factors of limiting re-establishment of fish population. 

An enhanced expression of rpoS in A. hydrophila has been linked to the enhanced resistance to environmental stress conferred by PHBHHx (Zhao et al. 2007). In P. oleovorans, the increase of the intracellular concentration of RpoS during PHA depolymerization was related to an enhanced cross-tolerance to different stress agents (Ruiz et al. 2004). Interestingly, under PHA accumulation and nonaccumulation conditions, an rpoS mutant of P. putida had similar and lower survival under oxidative stress, respectively, as compared with the wild-type strain (Raiger-Iustman and Ruiz 2008). 

Isol. from Brevibacterium ammoniagenes. Oxidative stress metab. of various nocar-dioform bacteria inch Corynebacterium and Micrococcus spp. Oxidative stress agent. 

SECM can be used to probe transport activity of biological systems, such as single cells, ion transport across channels, and enzyme activity. Experimentally, cells, enzymes, or ion channels are immobilized and a small size electrode (micron to nanometer size) is positioned a few microns above. By stimulating these samples with an oxidative stress agent (by the action of the substrate and cofactors, or by the presence of ions), biological... 

Murray JJ, Weiler JM, Schwartz LB, Busse WW, Katial RK, Lockey RF, McFadden Jr. ER, Pixton GC, Barrett RJ. Safety of binodenoson, a selective adenosine A2A receptor agonist vasodilator pharmacological stress agent, in healthy subjects with mild intermittent asthma. Circ Cardio-vasc Imaging 2009 2(6) 492-8. 

Kutty G, Hayden B, Osawa Y, Wiggert B, Chader GJ, Kutty RK. Heme oxygenase expression in human retina and modulation by stress agents in human retinoblastoma cell model system. Curr Eye Res 1992 11 153-160. 

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