Host selection behavior

Wood D. L. and Vite J. P. (1961) Studies on the host selection behavior of Ips confusus (LeConte) (Coleoptera Scolytidae) attacking Pinusponderosa. Contrib. Boyce Thompson Inst, of Plant Res. 21, 79-96. 

Effects of host compounds on beetle host selection behavior... 

Fig. 4.7 Heritability of host selection behavior in bark beetles a) Mother-daughter correlations of gallery construction in endemic D. rufipennis. Closed circles indicate multiple data points (with permission from the EcoL Soc. America) b) Selection for degree of aversion to alpha-pinene in 1. pini (with permission from the EntomoL Soc. America).

We propose that there is feedback between the host selection behavior of bark beetles, the spatial and temporal pattern of predisposing stress agents, and the impacts of natural enemies.That is, when beetles track a highly predictable predisposing agent, such as root colonizers (Figs. 4.12, 4.13), they are likewise highly predictable to natural enemies (Table 4.3). Similarly, when beetles rely on trees that are severely stressed (Fig. 4.11), it is difficult to escape competitors that can also acquire this resource. These conditions make it less likely that populations will move from K to Ki (Fig. 4.5). However, numbers alone may not explain these... 

Our specific conclusions are 1) Individual compounds can affect interactions across multiple levels of scale, from molecular through landscape 2) At each level of scale, the same compounds can be sources of both positive and negative feedback. Their interactions across scales can be amplified or buffered, depending on these feedback processes 3) Host selection behavior can be an important link between physiological and population processes, particularly where responses to phytochemicals are plastic 4) Tritrophic interactions mediated by chemical cues can be either important or ineffective constraints on eruptive behavior, depending on how prey are spatially and temporally distributed, which in turn reflects their host... 

WALLfN, K.F., RAFFA, K.F., Feedback between individual host selection behavior and population dynamics in an eruptive herbivore, Ecol. Mongr., 2004, 74, 101-116. 

Rausher, M. D. (1983) The ecology of host selection behavior in phytophagous insects. In Impact of Variable Host Quality on Herbivorous Insects (Denno, R. F. and McClure, M. S., eds) Academic Press, New York (in press). 

Moeck, H. A. (1981) Host selection behavior of bark beetles (Coleoptera Scolytidae) attacking Pinusponderosa, with special emphasis on the western pine beetle, Dendroc-tonus brevicomis. J. Chem. EcoL, 7, 49-83. 

Konstantopoulou M A, Krokos F D and Mazomenos B E (2002), Chemical stimuli from corn plants affect host selection and oviposition behavior of Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera Noctuidae) , J Econ Entomol, 95, 1289-1293. 

Nordlund, D. A., Lewis, L. C. and Altieri, M. A. (1988). Influences of plant-produced allelochemicals on the host/prey selection behavior of entomophagous insects. In Novel Aspects of Insect-Plant Interactions, eds. P. Barbosa and D. Letourneau, pp. 65-90. New York John Wiley Sons. 

Wood, D. L. (1982). The role of pheromones, kairomones, and allomones in the host selection and colonization behavior of bark beetles. Annual Review of Entomology 27 411 146. 

Poly(amidoamine) dendrimers such as 91, which differ only in the presence of an ethylenediamine (instead of ammonia) core, were used to host the electron transfer reaetion between photoexcited polycyelic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and ni-tromethane [169]. Quenching studies in aqueous solution indicate that the PAHs associate with the dendrimer, residing in the interior region, far from the charged surface. It was also found that within the dendrimer structure, nitromethane quenches alternant PAHs, while nonalternant PAHs are not quenched. This selective behavior of nitromethane parallels that commonly observed in solution, while in the presence of traditional micelles both classes of PAHs are quenched by nitromethane. 

The chemoreceptors of insect parasites and predators have not as yet attracted much attention. The first chemoreceptors sensitive to the hemolymph of the host insect have been identiHed by Lammers (cited in van Lenteren, 1981) on the ovipositor of a parasitic wasp (Table 1.1). Many behavioral observations show in addition that contact chemoreceptors must be involved in the host selection of highly specialized parasites (Rotheray, 1981 further examples are given by Vinson, Chapter 8). 

The source of behavioral chemicals depends on the nature and level of host selection under study. The term semiochemical has been used to designate... 

Fig. 12.4 Behavioral paradigm for host selection in Ips paraconfusus from adult emergence to construction of galleries and egg laying.

Some of the problems in understanding the behavioral processes that are involved in discriminating host from nonhost are illustrated by the design of bioassays to identify specific oviposition stimulants for swallowtail butterflies. At one time, it was generally believed that insects utilized specific secondary plant compounds as token or sign stimuli to identify their hosts (Verschaffelt 1911 Dethier 1941 Fraenkel 1959, reviewed by Feeny et al. 1983). A great deal of effort was expended to identify such token stimuli, and most of it was unsuccessful the behavior of host selection was rarely linked to a single plant chemical. Instead, host selection came to be appreciated as the end result of several behavioral responses to a number of physical, chemical, and visual cues (reviewed by Miller Strickler 1984). 

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